PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Silurian of England		Cambrian of Australia	Carboniferous Subepochs	South American Land Mammal Ages		Central Paratethys Stages	Ordovician of the Baltic				Devonian Subages	Silurian of the Baltic
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Lujanian									0.0117
		Chibanian								Lujanian									0.129
		Chibanian								Ensenadan									0.3 *
		Calabrian								Ensenadan									0.774
		Calabrian								Sanandresian	Uquian †								1.7 *
		Gelasian								Sanandresian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Vorohuean									2.58
		Piacenzian								Chapadmalalan									2.9 *
		Zanclean								Chapadmalalan									3.6
										Montehermosan									3.7 *
										Huayquerian									4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																	5.333
		Tortonian										Pannonian							7.246
										Chasicoan									7.9 *
										Mayoan									9.9 *
										Laventan									10.9 *
		Serravallian										Sarmatian							11.63
												Badenian							12.8 *
										Colloncuran		Badenian							13.7 *
		Langhian								Colloncuran									13.82
		Langhian								Friasian									15.4 *
		Burdigalian								Friasian									15.98
										Santacrucian									16.2 *
										Colhuehuapian									17.4 *
		Aquitanian								Colhuehuapian									20.44
		Aquitanian								Deseadan									20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																	23.03
		Rupelian																	27.82
		Rupelian								Tinguirirican									28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian								Tinguirirican									33.9
		Priabonian								Divisaderan									35.9 *
		Bartonian																	37.71
		Lutetian																	41.2
		Lutetian								Mustersan									41.9 *
		Ypresian								Mustersan									47.8
		Ypresian								Casamayoran									47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Riochican									56
										Itaboraian									56.9 *
										Peligran									58.9 *
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
		Danian								Tiupampan									62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	66
		Campanian																	72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																	145
		Kimmeridgian																	149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian																	168.2
		Aalenian																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	174.7
		Pliensbachian																	184.2
		Sinemurian																	192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian			Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian			Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian			Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean			Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian			Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Late Famennian	358.9
						Middle Famennian	365.3 *
						Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian				Late Frasnian	372.2
						Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
						Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Late Givetian	382.7
						Middle Givetian	383.7 *
						Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian				Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian				Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian				Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian				Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian				Late Lochkovian	410.8
						Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
						Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli					Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine		Ohesaare		419.2
			Bringewood/Elton				421.3		Ohesaare
			Bringewood/Elton				Kaugetuma		421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale			Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	Kuressaare		423
		Ludfordian				Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	Paadla		423.4 *
		Gorstian							425.6
		Gorstian				Buildwas			426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian				Buildwas	Rootsikula		427.4
			Wych			Woolhope	Rootsikula		428.4 *
							Jaagarahu		429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian					Jaagarahu		430.5
		Sheinwoodian					Jaani		431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian					Jaani		433.4
							Adavere		434 *
									436.3 *
		Aeronian							438.5
			Cowleigh Park						439.3 *
							Raikkula		439.4 *
		Rhuddanian					Raikkula		440.8
		Rhuddanian					Juuru		441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Harju		Porkuni		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian							Pirgu			Gamachian	445.2
									Pirgu			Richmondian	446 *
									Vormsi			Richmondian	449.6 *
									Vormsi			Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Nabala			Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
									Nabala			Edenian			450.4 *
							Viru		Rakvere			Edenian			450.6 *
									Rakvere		Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
									Oandu						452 *
		Sandbian							Keila					Idavere †	453
									Keila			Turinian			453.7 *
									Haljala						453.9
				Kukruse					456.4 *
				Kukruse					Whiterockian			Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor		457 *
				Uhaku										Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku											458.4
				Lasnamagi											458.9 *
				Aseri											460.4 *
				Oeland			Kunda								462.9 *
							Kunda							Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
							Volkhov								Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian														467.3
											Rangerian					469.1 *
							Billingen				Rangerian					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Ibexian		Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †			Cassinian †	470
														Latorp †			470.1 *
					Hunneberg		473.7 *
							Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian					Tulean				477.7
							Stairsian				480.3 *
					Varangu		Stairsian				481.3 *
					Varangu		Skullrockian				Demingian †					482 *
					Pakerort						Demingian †					482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Pakerort						Datsonian						485.4
																	486.3 *
																	486.5
											Payntonian						486.8 *
											Payntonian						487.5
		Jiangshanian									Iverian						489.5
		Paibian									Idamean						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †						Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian															Boomerangian	499
		Drumian															Undillan	500.5
		Drumian						Floran									503
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †									Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †									Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4															Ordian	509
																			510.8 *