PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Silurian Ages of Europe	Cambrian of Siberia			Permian of North America		Cambrian Epochs	Cenozoic Subepochs	North American Land Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan												Saintaugustinean	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Meghalayan												Santarosean			0.0004
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											Late Pleistocene				0.0117
		Late Pleistocene											Late Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.014
		Chibanian											Middle Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.129
														Irvingtonian			0.21
																Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian											Early Pleistocene				0.774
														Blancan			1.4
																Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian														Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian														Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										Late Pliocene			Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian											Late Pliocene			Waipipian	3
		Zanclean											Early Pliocene			Waipipian	3.6
																Opoitian	3.7
														Hemphillian		Opoitian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian											Late Miocene		Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian														Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian															7.246
														Clarendonian			9.4
															Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian											Middle Miocene				11.63
														Barstovian			12.5
																Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian														Lillburnian	13.82
																Clifdenian	15.1
															Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian											Early Miocene				15.98
														Hemingfordian			16.3
														Arikareean			18.5
																Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian														Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian													Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											Late Oligocene			Waitakian	23.03
																Duntroonian	25.2
																Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian											Early Oligocene				27.82
														Whitneyan			29.5
														Orellan			31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian											Late Eocene	Chadronian			33.9
															Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																Kaiatan	36.7
														Duchesnean			37
		Bartonian											Middle Eocene				37.71
																Bortonian	39.1
														Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian															41.2
															Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																Heretaungan	45.7
														Bridgerian			46.2
		Ypresian											Early Eocene				47.8
																Mangaorapan	48.9
														Wasatchian		Mangaorapan	50.5
														Wasatchian		Waipawan	52
														Clarkforkian		Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian											Late Paleocene	Clarkforkian		Teurian	56
		Thanetian											Late Paleocene	Tiffanian			56.2
		Selandian											Middle Paleocene	Tiffanian			59.2
		Selandian											Middle Paleocene	Torrejonian			60.9
		Danian											Early Paleocene	Torrejonian			61.6
		Danian											Early Paleocene	Puercan			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian					Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
							Mangaotanean	90.5
							Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
							Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan	100.5
							Urutawan	103.3
						Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian					Korangan	113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian							Wordian	264.28
		Roadian							Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian								Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian								Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian							Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian								Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian								Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian									303.7
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									323.2
		Visean									330.9
		Tournaisian									346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									Late Famennian	358.9
											Middle Famennian	365.3 *
											Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian									Late Frasnian	372.2
											Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
											Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									Late Givetian	382.7
											Middle Givetian	383.7 *
			Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian	410.8
			Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		Gleedonian	427.4
		Homerian		Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			443.8
		Katian			445.2
		Sandbian			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			470
		Tremadocian			477.7
		Tremadocian			Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian				Late Cambrian	485.4
		Jiangshanian			Batyrbaian							489.5
					Aksaian							490.7 *
					Sakian							492.2 *
		Paibian										494
		Paibian					Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian					494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian						Middle Cambrian	497
		Guzhangian				Mayan/Menevian							499.5
		Drumian				Mayan/Menevian							500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †		Amgan/Solvan					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Amgan/Solvan				Early Cambrian	509
							Toyonian	Lenian †					510 *
							Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3					Botomian						514
		Stage 3					Atdabanian						515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Tommotian						521
		Stage 2					Nemakit-Daldynian						525.5
		Fortunian					Nemakit-Daldynian	Manykaian †					529
																	538.8