PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Silurian of the Baltic	Devonian Subages	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Permian Subages of Germany	Permian of China	Cambrian of Australia	Ten Million Year Bins	Silurian of North America			South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan										Cenozoic 6						0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian														Lujanian		0.129
		Chibanian														Ensenadan		0.3 *
		Calabrian														Ensenadan		0.774
		Calabrian														Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian														Sanandresian		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													Vorohuean		2.58
		Piacenzian														Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
		Zanclean														Chapadmalalan		3.6
																Montehermosan		3.7 *
																Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
																Chasicoan		7.9 *
																Mayoan		9.9 *
																Laventan		10.9 *
		Serravallian										Cenozoic 5				Laventan		11.63
		Serravallian														Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian														Colloncuran		13.82
		Langhian														Friasian		15.4 *
		Burdigalian														Friasian		15.98
																Santacrucian		16.2 *
																Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
		Aquitanian														Colhuehuapian		20.44
		Aquitanian														Deseadan		20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Cenozoic 4						23.03
		Rupelian																27.82
		Rupelian														Tinguirirican		28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian										Cenozoic 3				Tinguirirican		33.9
		Priabonian														Divisaderan		35.9 *
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian										Cenozoic 2						41.2
		Lutetian														Mustersan		41.9 *
		Ypresian														Mustersan		47.8
		Ypresian														Casamayoran		47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Cenozoic 1				Riochican		56
																Itaboraian		56.9 *
																Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
		Danian														Tiupampan		62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										Cretaceous 8						66
		Campanian										Cretaceous 7						72.1
		Santonian										Cretaceous 6						83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian										Cretaceous 5						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Cretaceous 4						100.5
		Aptian										Cretaceous 3						113
		Barremian										Cretaceous 2						121.4
		Hauterivian										Cretaceous 2						125.77
		Valanginian										Cretaceous 1						132.6
		Berriasian										Cretaceous 1						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										Jurassic 6						145
		Kimmeridgian										Jurassic 5						149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian										Jurassic 4						165.3
		Bajocian										Jurassic 4						168.2
		Aalenian										Jurassic 3						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										Jurassic 3						174.7
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4	208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Buntsandstein	Meishanian	Permian 4	251.902
		Changhsingian			Baoqingian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Ohre/Aller		Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian			Leine		Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian				Permian 3	Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Luodianian	Permian 2	273.01
		Artinskian				Luodianian		283.5
		Artinskian				Longlinian		285.4 *
		Sakmarian				Longlinian		290.1
		Asselian				Zisongian	Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Zisongian	Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Gzhelian						300.1
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian					Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian					Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean					Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian					Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Late Famennian	Devonian 5	358.9
							Middle Famennian		365.3 *
							Early Famennian		368.5 *
		Frasnian					Late Frasnian	Devonian 4	372.2
							Middle Frasnian		375.4 *
							Early Frasnian		379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Late Givetian	Devonian 3	382.7
							Middle Givetian		383.7 *
							Early Givetian		385.9 *
		Eifelian					Late Eifelian		387.7
		Eifelian					Early Eifelian		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Late Emsian	Devonian 2	393.3
		Emsian					Early Emsian	Devonian 2	398.3 *
		Pragian					Pragian	Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian				410.8
			Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Ohesaare					Silurian 2	Cayugan	419.2
			Kaugetuma						Cayugan	421.7 *
			Kaugetuma						Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Kuressaare							423
		Ludfordian	Paadla							423.4 *
		Gorstian	Paadla							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	Rootsikula							Lockportian	427.4
		Homerian	Jaagarahu							Lockportian	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian	Jaagarahu								430.5
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani								431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani					Silurian 1		Ontarian	433.4
		Telychian	Adavere								434 *
		Aeronian									438.5
											Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Raikkula									439.4 *
									Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
												440.7 *
		Rhuddanian										440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru									441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Ordovician 5				Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian											Pirgu	445.2
													Vormsi	449.6 *
													Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
												Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
													Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian						Ordovician 4					Keila	Idavere †	453
													Haljala		453.9
													Kukruse		456.4 *
													Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Ordovician 3					Uhaku		458.4
													Lasnamagi		458.9 *
				Aseri									460.4 *
				Oeland								Kunda	462.9 *
					Valaste †/Hunderum							Kunda	464.3 *
												Volkhov	Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian						Ordovician 2				Volkhov		467.3
		Dapingian										Billingen		469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian												470
					Latorp †									470.1 *
												Hunneberg		473.7 *
		Tremadocian				Ungurian		Ordovician 1				Hunneberg		477.7
												Varangu		481.3 *
												Pakerort		482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Batyrbaian	Datsonian		Cambrian 5				Pakerort			485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
						Payntonian									486.8 *
		Jiangshanian				Iverian									489.5
					Aksaian										490.7 *
					Sakian										492.2 *
		Paibian			Sakian	Idamean									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian		Mindyallan							Cambrian 4	497
						Ayusokkanian		Boomerangian								499
								Boomerangian								499.5
		Drumian				Zhanaarykian		Undillan								500.5
		Drumian				Tuesaian		Floran								503
		Wuliuan				Tuesaian		Stage 5 †							Templetonian	Cambrian 3	504.5
															Templetonian		505.3
															Ordian		507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4															509
						Toyonian											510 *
						Toyonian											510.8 *
						Botomian											512.5 *
		Stage 3				Botomian										Cambrian 2	514
		Stage 3				Atdabanian	515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Tommotian	521
		Stage 2					525.5
		Fortunian					Cambrian 1									529
																		538.8