PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of Eastern North America		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Carboniferous Subepochs	South American Land Mammal Ages		Central Paratethys Stages	Ordovician of the Baltic				Devonian Subages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									Lujanian								0.0117
		Chibanian									Lujanian								0.129
		Chibanian									Ensenadan								0.3 *
		Calabrian									Ensenadan								0.774
		Calabrian									Sanandresian	Uquian †							1.7 *
		Gelasian									Sanandresian								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								Vorohuean								2.58
		Piacenzian									Chapadmalalan								2.9 *
		Zanclean									Chapadmalalan								3.6
											Montehermosan								3.7 *
											Huayquerian								4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																	5.333
		Tortonian											Pannonian						7.246
											Chasicoan								7.9 *
											Mayoan								9.9 *
											Laventan								10.9 *
		Serravallian											Sarmatian						11.63
													Badenian						12.8 *
											Colloncuran		Badenian						13.7 *
		Langhian									Colloncuran								13.82
		Langhian									Friasian								15.4 *
		Burdigalian									Friasian								15.98
											Santacrucian								16.2 *
											Colhuehuapian								17.4 *
		Aquitanian									Colhuehuapian								20.44
		Aquitanian									Deseadan								20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																	23.03
		Rupelian																	27.82
		Rupelian									Tinguirirican								28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian									Tinguirirican								33.9
		Priabonian									Divisaderan								35.9 *
		Bartonian																	37.71
		Lutetian																	41.2
		Lutetian									Mustersan								41.9 *
		Ypresian									Mustersan								47.8
		Ypresian									Casamayoran								47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian									Riochican								56
											Itaboraian								56.9 *
											Peligran								58.9 *
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
		Danian									Tiupampan								62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	66
		Campanian																	72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Oteke	Puaroan										145
		Kimmeridgian						Oteke	Puaroan										149.2
								Kawhia	Ohauan										150
									Heterian										154.5
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Callovian							Temaikan										164.3
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian																	168.2
		Aalenian																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Toarcian		Herangi	Ururoan	176
		Pliensbachian			Ururoan	184.2
		Pliensbachian			Aratauran	188.9
		Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian			Warepan	208.5
					Otamitan	217
					Oretian	221
		Carnian			Oretian	227
		Carnian		Gore	Kaihikuan	227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Kaihikuan	237
		Ladinian			Etalian	238
		Anisian			Etalian	242
		Anisian			Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Malakovian	247.2
		Olenekian			Nelsonian	249
		Induan			Nelsonian	251.2
		Induan		DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian			Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian			Waiitian	Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Puruhauan	Longtanian †	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian				Flettian	264.28
		Wordian				Barettian	266
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Kungurian				Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian				Mangapirian	283.5
						Telfordian	285
							288.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian					Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian					Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean					Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian					Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway					Late Famennian	358.9
								Middle Famennian	365.3 *
								Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian	West Fallsian/Sonyean					Late Frasnian	372.2
								Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
								Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan					Cazenovian	Late Givetian	382.7
									Middle Givetian	383.7 *
									Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian	Southwoodian						Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian	Southwoodian						Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian					Helderbergian	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian						Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian							Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian							Late Lochkovian	410.8
									Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
									Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli									Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli									Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian								Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian								Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian								Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian								Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian								Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian								Jaani	433.4
		Telychian								Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian								Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian								Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian								Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian								Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								Harju	Porkuni		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian									Pirgu			Gamachian	445.2
											Pirgu			Richmondian	446 *
											Vormsi			Richmondian	449.6 *
											Vormsi			Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
											Nabala			Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
											Nabala			Edenian			450.4 *
										Viru	Rakvere			Edenian			450.6 *
											Rakvere		Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
											Oandu						452 *
		Sandbian									Keila					Idavere †	453
											Keila			Turinian			453.7 *
											Haljala						453.9
											Kukruse						456.4 *
				Whiterockian							Kukruse			Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor		457 *
											Uhaku					Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									Uhaku						458.4
											Lasnamagi						458.9 *
											Aseri						460.4 *
										Oeland	Kunda						462.9 *
											Kunda					Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
											Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian			467.3
					Rangerian	469.1 *
					Rangerian	Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian	Blackhillsian						Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †		470
															Latorp †		470.1 *
						Hunneberg											473.7 *
					Tulean												473.9 *
		Tremadocian			Tulean												477.7
					Stairsian												480.3 *
					Stairsian	Varangu											481.3 *
					Skullrockian	Varangu	Demingian †						482 *
						Pakerort	Demingian †						482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort									485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
															487.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
		Paibian													494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian													Series 3 †		497
		Drumian															500.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †	504.5
																			509