PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of Eastern North America		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Permian of the Salt Range	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cenozoic Subepochs	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Wanganui	Haweran										0
		Northgrippian																	0.0042
		Greenlandian																	0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															Late Pleistocene		0.0117
		Chibanian															Middle Pleistocene		0.129
		Chibanian							Castlecliffian								Middle Pleistocene		0.34
		Calabrian							Castlecliffian								Early Pleistocene		0.774
		Calabrian							Nukumaruan										1.63
		Gelasian							Nukumaruan										1.8
		Gelasian							Mangapanian										2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †						Mangapanian								Late Pliocene		2.58
		Piacenzian							Waipipian								Late Pliocene		3
		Zanclean							Waipipian								Early Pliocene		3.6
		Zanclean							Opoitian								Early Pliocene		3.7
	Miocene	Messinian						Taranaki	Kapitean								Late Miocene		5.333
		Messinian							Tongaporutuan										7.2
		Tortonian							Tongaporutuan										7.246
		Tortonian						Southland	Waiauan										11.04
		Serravallian							Waiauan								Middle Miocene		11.63
		Serravallian							Lillburnian										13.05
		Langhian							Lillburnian										13.82
									Clifdenian										15.1
								Pareora	Altonian										15.9
		Burdigalian							Altonian								Early Miocene		15.98
		Burdigalian							Otaian										18.7
		Aquitanian							Otaian										20.44
		Aquitanian						Landon	Waitakian										21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Waitakian								Late Oligocene		23.03
									Duntroonian										25.2
									Whaingaroan										27.3
		Rupelian															Early Oligocene		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															Late Eocene		33.9
								Arnold	Runangan										34.6
									Kaiatan										36.7
		Bartonian							Kaiatan								Middle Eocene		37.71
		Bartonian							Bortonian										39.1
		Lutetian							Bortonian										41.2
								Dannevirke	Porangan										42.6
									Heretaungan										45.7
		Ypresian							Heretaungan								Early Eocene		47.8
									Mangaorapan										48.9
									Waipawan										52
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Teurian								Late Paleocene		56
		Selandian															Middle Paleocene		59.2
		Danian															Early Paleocene		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Mata	Haumurian									Lancian/Edmontonian	66
		Campanian							Haumurian									Judithian/Aquilan	72.1
		Santonian							Piripauan										83.6
		Santonian						Raukumara	Teratan										86.1
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
									Mangaotanean										90.5
									Arowhanan										93.7
		Cenomanian							Arowhanan										93.9
								Clarence	Ngaterian										95.2
									Motuan										99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian							Motuan										100.5
									Urutawan										103.3
								Taitai	Korangan										108.4
		Aptian							Korangan										113
		Aptian																	117.5
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Oteke	Puaroan	145
		Kimmeridgian			Oteke	Puaroan	149.2
					Kawhia	Ohauan	150
						Heterian	154.5
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Callovian				Temaikan	164.3
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Toarcian			Herangi	Ururoan	176
		Pliensbachian				Ururoan	184.2
		Pliensbachian				Aratauran	188.9
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian				Warepan	208.5
						Otamitan	217
						Oretian	221
		Carnian				Oretian	227
		Carnian			Gore	Kaihikuan	227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Kaihikuan	237
		Ladinian				Etalian	238
		Anisian				Etalian	242
		Anisian				Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Malakovian	247.2
		Olenekian				Nelsonian	249
		Induan				Nelsonian	251.2
		Induan			Kathwai	DUrville	Makarewan	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Kathwai			251.902
								252.4 *
					Chhidru			252.9 *
							Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian					Waiitian	Longtanian †		254.14
							Puruhauan			254.2
					Kalabagh					255 *
					Wargal					256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Aparima	Flettian		259.51
		Wordian								264.28
										265.3 *
								Barettian		266
					Amb					266.1 *
		Roadian			Amb					266.9
		Roadian			270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Kungurian			Mangapirian			276
		Artinskian			Mangapirian			283.5
					Telfordian			285
								288.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Southwoodian	Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Kosovian	443.8
		Katian							Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian							Berounian		449.7 *
		Sandbian									453
											Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
										Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian											458.4
									Dobrotivian				458.5 *
									Oretanian				459.7 *
										Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian								Klabava †			467.3
		Dapingian							Arenigian				468
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Arenigian				470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian							Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10											Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
		Stage 10												Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian												Festiniogian	489.5
		Jiangshanian												Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian												Maentwrogian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †	St Davids		497
		Drumian														500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †										504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4												Caerfai		509
	Series 2	Stage 3														514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2														521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian														529
																			538.8