PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of Eastern North America		Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian of Britain		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Permian of the Pamirs	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Wanganui	Haweran					0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															0.0117
		Chibanian															0.129
		Chibanian										Castlecliffian					0.34
		Calabrian										Castlecliffian					0.774
		Calabrian										Nukumaruan					1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan					1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian					2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Mangapanian					2.58
		Piacenzian										Waipipian					3
		Zanclean										Waipipian					3.6
		Zanclean										Opoitian					3.7
	Miocene	Messinian									Taranaki	Kapitean					5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan					7.2
		Tortonian										Tongaporutuan					7.246
		Tortonian									Southland	Waiauan					11.04
		Serravallian										Waiauan					11.63
		Serravallian										Lillburnian					13.05
		Langhian										Lillburnian					13.82
												Clifdenian					15.1
											Pareora	Altonian					15.9
		Burdigalian										Altonian					15.98
		Burdigalian										Otaian					18.7
		Aquitanian										Otaian					20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian					21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Waitakian					23.03
												Duntroonian					25.2
												Whaingaroan					27.3
		Rupelian															27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															33.9
											Arnold	Runangan					34.6
												Kaiatan					36.7
		Bartonian										Kaiatan					37.71
		Bartonian										Bortonian					39.1
		Lutetian										Bortonian					41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan					42.6
												Heretaungan					45.7
		Ypresian										Heretaungan					47.8
												Mangaorapan					48.9
												Waipawan					52
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Teurian					56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Mata	Haumurian					66
		Campanian										Haumurian					72.1
		Santonian										Piripauan					83.6
		Santonian									Raukumara	Teratan					86.1
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
												Mangaotanean					90.5
												Arowhanan					93.7
		Cenomanian										Arowhanan					93.9
											Clarence	Ngaterian					95.2
												Motuan					99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Motuan					100.5
												Urutawan					103.3
											Taitai	Korangan					108.4
		Aptian										Korangan					113
		Aptian															117.5
		Barremian															121.4
		Hauterivian															125.77
		Valanginian															132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Oteke	Puaroan	145
		Kimmeridgian			Oteke	Puaroan	149.2
					Kawhia	Ohauan	150
						Heterian	154.5
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Callovian				Temaikan	164.3
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Toarcian			Herangi	Ururoan	176
		Pliensbachian				Ururoan	184.2
		Pliensbachian				Aratauran	188.9
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian				Warepan	208.5
						Otamitan	217
						Oretian	221
		Carnian				Oretian	227
		Carnian			Gore	Kaihikuan	227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Kaihikuan	237
		Ladinian				Etalian	238
		Anisian				Etalian	242
		Anisian				Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Malakovian	247.2
		Olenekian				Nelsonian	249
		Induan				Nelsonian	251.2
		Induan			DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Makarewan	Dorashamian	251.902
		Changhsingian				Waiitian	Dorashamian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian				Waiitian	Longtanian †	Dzhulfian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Puruhauan	Longtanian †	Dzhulfian	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Midian	Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian						Flettian	264.28
								Barettian	266
						Murgabian			266.2 *
		Roadian				Murgabian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Kubergandian			273.01
						Kubergandian		Mangapirian	276
						Bolorian			279.8
		Artinskian							283.5
								Telfordian	285
			Yakhtashian			286		Telfordian
			Yakhtashian					288.5
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian	Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Late Pennsylvanian						298.9
		Kasimovian	Late Pennsylvanian						303.7
		Moscovian	Middle Pennsylvanian						307
		Bashkirian	Early Pennsylvanian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Late Mississippian						323.2
		Visean	Middle Mississippian						330.9
		Tournaisian	Early Mississippian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway							Late Famennian	358.9
										Middle Famennian	365.3 *
										Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian	West Fallsian/Sonyean							Late Frasnian	372.2
										Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
										Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan							Cazenovian	Late Givetian	382.7
											Middle Givetian	383.7 *
											Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian	Southwoodian	Late Eifelian							387.7
		Eifelian	Southwoodian	Early Eifelian							390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian						Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian							Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian								Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian								Late Lochkovian	410.8
										Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
										Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli										419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									443.8
		Katian									445.2
		Sandbian									453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian									467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian									470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian									477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
												Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		Sunwaptan	487.5
												Festiniogian			489.2 *
		Jiangshanian													489.5
														Steptoean	493 *
												Maentwrogian			493.1 *
		Paibian										Maentwrogian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	St Davids		Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian												Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †									Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †									Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Caerfai		Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4												Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3												Dyeran		514
														Montezuman		514.8 *
														Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2														521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian														529
																	538.8