PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of Eastern North America		Silurian of North America			Carboniferous Subepochs	North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Carboniferous of China	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Sheridanian								Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian										Sheridanian										0.129
												Cudahyan/Sappan										0.21
																				Ensenadan		0.3 *
		Calabrian																				0.774
												Senecan/Rexroadian										1.4
																				Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian																		Sanandresian		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	Vorohuean		2.58
		Piacenzian																		Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
		Zanclean																		Chapadmalalan		3.6
																				Montehermosan		3.7 *
												Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian								Montehermosan		4.7
																				Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																				5.333
		Tortonian																				7.246
																				Chasicoan		7.9 *
												Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian								Chasicoan		9.4
																				Mayoan		9.9 *
																				Laventan		10.9 *
		Serravallian																				11.63
												late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian										12.5
																				Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian																		Colloncuran		13.82
		Langhian																		Friasian		15.4 *
		Burdigalian																		Friasian		15.98
																				Santacrucian		16.2 *
												Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian								Santacrucian		16.3
												Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian								Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
												late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian									18.5
		Aquitanian																				20.44
		Aquitanian																		Deseadan		20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																				23.03
													Monroecreekian									23.1 *
													Geringian									24.7 *
		Rupelian																				27.82
																				Tinguirirican		28.9 *
																						29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian										33.9
												Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian								Divisaderan		35.9 *
																						37
		Bartonian																				37.71
		Bartonian										Late Uintan/Early Uintan										39.7
		Lutetian																				41.2
																				Mustersan		41.9 *
												Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian										46.2
		Ypresian																				47.8
																				Casamayoran		47.9 *
												Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean										50.5
														Cf3/Cf2/Cf1								54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Cf3/Cf2/Cf1						Riochican		56
														Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1						Riochican		56.2
																				Itaboraian		56.9 *
																				Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian																				59.2
		Selandian												To3/To2/To1								60.9
		Danian																				61.6
																				Tiupampan		62.4 *
														Pu3/Pu2/Pu1						Tiupampan		63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																				66
		Campanian																				72.1
		Santonian																				83.6
		Coniacian																				86.3
		Turonian																				89.8
		Cenomanian		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		100.5
		Aptian		113
		Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
		Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Oxfordian		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian		168.2
		Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian				Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian				Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian				Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian			Middle Pennsylvanian		307
		Bashkirian			Early Pennsylvanian		315.2
						Huashibanian	318.5 *
						Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Late Mississippian	Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian			Late Mississippian	Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean			Middle Mississippian	Shangsian	330.9
		Visean			Middle Mississippian	Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian			Early Mississippian	Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			West Fallsian/Sonyean			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan			Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Southwoodian			Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian			Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli								Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Ontarian							433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
										Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Medinan						Clinton		440.1 *
											440.7 *
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									Kosovian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian									Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †	Pirgu	445.2
											Kralodvorian			Vormsi	449.6 *
											Berounian			Vormsi	449.7 *
														Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
												Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
														Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian												Keila	Idavere †	453
														Haljala		453.9
														Haljala		Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
														Kukruse				456.4 *
														Uhaku	Aluoja †			457.5 *
													Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian																458.4
											Dobrotivian							458.5 *
											Dobrotivian			Lasnamagi				458.9 *
											Oretanian			Lasnamagi				459.7 *
														Aseri				460.4 *
													Sarka †	Aseri				461.7 *
												Oeland		Kunda				462.9 *
														Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
														Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian											Klabava †						467.3
											Arenigian								468
														Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		470
				Latorp †														470.1 *
														Hunneberg				473.7 *
		Tremadocian									Tremadocian			Hunneberg				477.7
														Varangu				481.3 *
														Pakerort				482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10												Pakerort				485.4
																		486.3 *
																		486.5
		Jiangshanian																489.5
		Paibian																494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian																Series 3 †	497
		Drumian																	500.5
		Wuliuan																	Stage 5 †	504.5
																						509