PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of Eastern North America		Silurian of England		South American Land Mammal Ages		Central Paratethys Stages	Ordovician of the Baltic				Devonian Subages	Silurian of the Baltic
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Lujanian									0.0117
		Chibanian								Lujanian									0.129
		Chibanian								Ensenadan									0.3 *
		Calabrian								Ensenadan									0.774
		Calabrian								Sanandresian	Uquian †								1.7 *
		Gelasian								Sanandresian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Vorohuean									2.58
		Piacenzian								Chapadmalalan									2.9 *
		Zanclean								Chapadmalalan									3.6
										Montehermosan									3.7 *
										Huayquerian									4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																	5.333
		Tortonian										Pannonian							7.246
										Chasicoan									7.9 *
										Mayoan									9.9 *
										Laventan									10.9 *
		Serravallian										Sarmatian							11.63
												Badenian							12.8 *
										Colloncuran		Badenian							13.7 *
		Langhian								Colloncuran									13.82
		Langhian								Friasian									15.4 *
		Burdigalian								Friasian									15.98
										Santacrucian									16.2 *
										Colhuehuapian									17.4 *
		Aquitanian								Colhuehuapian									20.44
		Aquitanian								Deseadan									20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																	23.03
		Rupelian																	27.82
		Rupelian								Tinguirirican									28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian								Tinguirirican									33.9
		Priabonian								Divisaderan									35.9 *
		Bartonian																	37.71
		Lutetian																	41.2
		Lutetian								Mustersan									41.9 *
		Ypresian								Mustersan									47.8
		Ypresian								Casamayoran									47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Riochican									56
										Itaboraian									56.9 *
										Peligran									58.9 *
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
		Danian								Tiupampan									62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	66
		Campanian																	72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																	145
		Kimmeridgian																	149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian																	168.2
		Aalenian																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	174.7
		Pliensbachian																	184.2
		Sinemurian																	192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian			Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian			Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian			Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean			Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian			Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway		Late Famennian	358.9
							Middle Famennian	365.3 *
							Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian			West Fallsian/Sonyean		Late Frasnian	372.2
							Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
							Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan		Cazenovian	Late Givetian	382.7
								Middle Givetian	383.7 *
								Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian			Southwoodian			Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian			Southwoodian			Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian		Helderbergian	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian			Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian						Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian						Late Lochkovian	410.8
								Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
								Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli							Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine		Ohesaare	419.2
			Bringewood/Elton						421.3		Ohesaare
			Bringewood/Elton						Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale					Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian						Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian						Buildwas		426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian						Buildwas	Rootsikula	427.4
			Wych					Woolhope	Rootsikula	428.4 *
									Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian							Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian							Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian							Jaani	433.4
									Adavere	434 *
										436.3 *
		Aeronian								438.5
			Cowleigh Park							439.3 *
									Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian							Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian							Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Harju	Porkuni		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian								Pirgu			Gamachian	445.2
										Pirgu			Richmondian	446 *
										Vormsi			Richmondian	449.6 *
										Vormsi			Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
										Nabala			Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
										Nabala			Edenian			450.4 *
									Viru	Rakvere			Edenian			450.6 *
										Rakvere		Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
										Oandu						452 *
		Sandbian								Keila					Idavere †	453
										Keila			Turinian			453.7 *
										Haljala						453.9
				Kukruse						456.4 *
				Kukruse						Whiterockian			Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor		457 *
				Uhaku											Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku												458.4
				Lasnamagi												458.9 *
				Aseri												460.4 *
				Oeland					Kunda							462.9 *
									Kunda						Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
									Volkhov							Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian															467.3
												Rangerian					469.1 *
									Billingen			Rangerian					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Ibexian		Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †			Cassinian †	470
															Latorp †			470.1 *
						Hunneberg			473.7 *
									Tulean			473.9 *
		Tremadocian							Tulean			477.7
									Stairsian			480.3 *
						Varangu			Stairsian			481.3 *
						Varangu			Skullrockian			Demingian †					482 *
						Pakerort						Demingian †					482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort											485.4
																	486.3 *
																	486.5
																	487.5
		Jiangshanian															489.5
		Paibian															494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †												497
		Drumian															500.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †	504.5
																			509