PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of Eastern North America		Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Silurian of England		Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian of the Pamirs	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Serravallian														11.63
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian					33.9
		Bartonian									Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan					37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Ypresian										Bumbanian				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									Gashatan					56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Lancian/Edmontonian								66
		Campanian						Judithian/Aquilan								72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												Oteke	Puaroan	145
		Kimmeridgian												Oteke	Puaroan	149.2
														Kawhia	Ohauan	150
															Heterian	154.5
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Callovian													Temaikan	164.3
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian														168.2
		Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
		Toarcian												Herangi	Ururoan	176
		Pliensbachian													Ururoan	184.2
		Pliensbachian													Aratauran	188.9
		Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian													Warepan	208.5
															Otamitan	217
															Oretian	221
		Carnian													Oretian	227
		Carnian												Gore	Kaihikuan	227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian													Kaihikuan	237
		Ladinian													Etalian	238
		Anisian													Etalian	242
		Anisian													Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian													Malakovian	247.2
		Olenekian													Nelsonian	249
		Induan													Nelsonian	251.2
		Induan												DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian											Dorashamian		Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian											Dorashamian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †									Dzhulfian		Waiitian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †									Dzhulfian		Puruhauan	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian											Midian	Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian			264.28										Flettian
					Barettian	266
						Murgabian	266.2 *
		Roadian				Murgabian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Kubergandian	273.01
					Mangapirian	Kubergandian	276
						Bolorian	279.8
		Artinskian					283.5
					Telfordian		285
					Telfordian	Yakhtashian	286
						Yakhtashian			288.5
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian				Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway					Late Famennian	358.9
								Middle Famennian	365.3 *
								Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian	West Fallsian/Sonyean					Late Frasnian	372.2
								Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
								Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan					Cazenovian	Late Givetian	382.7
									Middle Givetian	383.7 *
									Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian	Southwoodian						Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian	Southwoodian						Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian					Helderbergian	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian						Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian							Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian							Late Lochkovian	410.8
									Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
									Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli								Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine		419.2
	Pridoli								Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton		421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood		423
		Gorstian										425.6
		Gorstian								Buildwas		426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian								Buildwas		427.4
		Homerian							Wych	Woolhope		428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										433.4
		Telychian										436.3 *
		Aeronian										438.5
		Aeronian							Cowleigh Park			439.3 *
		Rhuddanian							Cowleigh Park			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian										443.8
		Katian										445.2
		Sandbian										453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian										467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian										470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian										477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10											Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian											Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian											Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian											Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian		500.5									Marjumian
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †									Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †									Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4											Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3											Dyeran		514
													Montezuman		514.8 *
													Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2													521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian													529
																538.8