PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Ordovician of the Baltic				Carboniferous of North America	Devonian of Germany	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		North American Land Mammal Ages	Permian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan													Saintaugustinean			0
		Meghalayan													Santarosean			0.0004
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																0.0117
		Late Pleistocene													Rancholabrean			0.014
		Chibanian													Rancholabrean			0.129
		Chibanian													Irvingtonian			0.21
		Calabrian													Irvingtonian			0.774
		Calabrian													Blancan			1.4
		Gelasian																1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †															2.58
		Zanclean																3.6
		Zanclean													Hemphillian			4.7
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
		Tortonian													Clarendonian			9.4
		Serravallian													Clarendonian			11.63
		Serravallian													Barstovian			12.5
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian																15.98
															Hemingfordian			16.3
															Arikareean			18.5
		Aquitanian																20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
		Rupelian																27.82
															Whitneyan			29.5
															Orellan			31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian													Chadronian			33.9
		Priabonian													Duchesnean			37
		Bartonian													Duchesnean			37.71
		Bartonian													Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian													Uintan			41.2
		Lutetian													Bridgerian			46.2
		Ypresian													Bridgerian			47.8
															Wasatchian			50.5
															Clarkforkian			54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian													Clarkforkian			56
		Thanetian													Tiffanian			56.2
		Selandian													Tiffanian			59.2
		Selandian													Torrejonian			60.9
		Danian													Torrejonian			61.6
		Danian													Puercan			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																145
		Kimmeridgian																149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian											Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites					168.2
		Bajocian												Humphresianum				168.4
		Aalenian											Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense				174.7
					180.1								Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons
					Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum	182
		Pliensbachian			Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni	184.2
		Sinemurian			Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi	192.9
		Hettangian			Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				201.4
		Norian				208.5
		Carnian				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian					Wordian	264.28
		Roadian					Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian						Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian						Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian					Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian						Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian						Bursumian †	Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Virgilian			298.9
		Kasimovian					Missourian			303.7
		Kasimovian					Desmoinesian			305.9 *
		Moscovian					Desmoinesian			307
		Moscovian					Atokan			312.7 *
		Bashkirian					Atokan			315.2
		Bashkirian					Morrowan			318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Chesterian			323.2
		Visean					Chesterian			330.9
							Meramecian			335.8 *
							Osagean			343.1 *
		Tournaisian					Osagean			346.7
		Tournaisian					Kinderhookian			351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								Adorf	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								Srbsko	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								Chotec	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								Daleje/Zlichovian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian								Pragian	Siegen	407.6
		Lochkovian								Lochkovian	Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli										Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli										Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
													Alexandrian	438.7 *
											Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
														440.7 *
		Rhuddanian												440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									Harju		Porkuni			443.8
		Katian											Pirgu			445.2
													Vormsi			449.6 *
													Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
											Viru		Rakvere				450.6 *
													Oandu				452 *
		Sandbian											Keila			Idavere †	453
													Haljala				453.9
													Kukruse				456.4 *
				Uhaku									Aluoja †			457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku												458.4
				Lasnamagi												458.9 *
				Aseri												460.4 *
				Oeland							Kunda					462.9 *
					Valaste †/Hunderum						Kunda		464.3 *
											Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka			467.1 *
		Dapingian									Volkhov					467.3
		Dapingian									Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian														470
					Latorp †											470.1 *
											Hunneberg					473.7 *
		Tremadocian									Hunneberg					477.7
											Varangu					481.3 *
						Pakerort					482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort					485.4
											486.3 *
											486.5
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †					497
		Drumian														500.5
		Wuliuan														Stage 5 †	504.5
																		509