PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of Germany	Ordovician of China			Silurian of England	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of North America				Cretaceous Subepochs	Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Wanganui	Haweran							0
		Northgrippian																	0.0042
		Greenlandian																	0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian																Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Chibanian										Castlecliffian						Middle Pleistocene	0.34
		Calabrian										Castlecliffian						Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Calabrian										Nukumaruan							1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan							1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian							2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Mangapanian						Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian										Waipipian						Late Pliocene	3
		Zanclean										Waipipian						Early Pliocene	3.6
		Zanclean										Opoitian						Early Pliocene	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian									Taranaki	Kapitean						Late Miocene	5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan							7.2
		Tortonian										Tongaporutuan							7.246
		Tortonian									Southland	Waiauan							11.04
		Serravallian										Waiauan						Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian										Lillburnian							13.05
		Langhian										Lillburnian							13.82
												Clifdenian							15.1
											Pareora	Altonian							15.9
		Burdigalian										Altonian						Early Miocene	15.98
		Burdigalian										Otaian							18.7
		Aquitanian										Otaian							20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian							21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Waitakian						Late Oligocene	23.03
												Duntroonian							25.2
												Whaingaroan							27.3
		Rupelian																Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																Late Eocene	33.9
											Arnold	Runangan							34.6
												Kaiatan							36.7
		Bartonian										Kaiatan						Middle Eocene	37.71
		Bartonian										Bortonian							39.1
		Lutetian										Bortonian							41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan							42.6
												Heretaungan							45.7
		Ypresian										Heretaungan						Early Eocene	47.8
												Mangaorapan							48.9
												Waipawan							52
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Teurian						Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian																Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian																Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Mata	Haumurian					Senonian		66
		Campanian										Haumurian							72.1
		Santonian										Piripauan							83.6
		Santonian									Raukumara	Teratan							86.1
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
												Mangaotanean							90.5
												Arowhanan							93.7
		Cenomanian										Arowhanan							93.9
											Clarence	Ngaterian							95.2
												Motuan							99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Motuan					Gallic		100.5
												Urutawan							103.3
											Taitai	Korangan							108.4
		Aptian										Korangan							113
		Aptian																	117.5
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian															Neocomian		125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				145
		Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian				168.2
		Aalenian				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				174.7
		Pliensbachian				184.2
		Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				201.4
		Norian				208.5
		Carnian				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					Adorf	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Emsian	393.3
		Pragian					Siegen	407.6
		Lochkovian					Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli							Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian							425.6
		Gorstian	Buildwas						426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian	Buildwas						427.4
		Homerian	Wych					Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Telychian							436.3 *
		Aeronian							438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park						439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian						Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Cincinnatian		Gamachian	443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian										Gamachian	445.2
			Chientangkiangian										Richmondian	446 *
			Neichianshanian/Hanjiang										Richmondian	449.5
													Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
												Edenian	450.4 *
											Mohawkian	Chatfieldian	451.1 *
		Sandbian										Chatfieldian	453
												Turinian	453.7 *
											Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo	458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo				466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian						467.3
		Dapingian	Dapingian						Rangerian	469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian						Ibexian	Blackhillsian	Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †		470
		Floian	Yiyangian							Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian											477.7
					Lianghekou †									477.9 *
										Stairsian				480.3 *
										Skullrockian		Demingian †		482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Skullrockian				Late Cambrian	485.4
		Stage 10													487.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
		Paibian													494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian												Series 3 †	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian														500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †										504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4													Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3														514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2														521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian														529
																			538.8