PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of Germany	Permian of the Pamirs	Silurian of North America			South American Land Mammal Ages		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan											Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									Lujanian				0.0117
		Chibanian									Lujanian				0.129
											Ensenadan				0.3 *
														Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian												Castlecliffian	0.774
														Nukumaruan	1.63
											Sanandresian	Uquian †			1.7 *
		Gelasian													1.8
		Gelasian												Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								Vorohuean				2.58
											Chapadmalalan				2.9 *
														Waipipian	3
		Zanclean												Waipipian	3.6
											Montehermosan			Opoitian	3.7 *
											Huayquerian			Opoitian	4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian											Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian												Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian													7.246
											Chasicoan				7.9 *
											Mayoan				9.9 *
											Laventan				10.9 *
													Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian												Waiauan	11.63
														Lillburnian	13.05
											Colloncuran				13.7 *
		Langhian													13.82
														Clifdenian	15.1
											Friasian			Clifdenian	15.4 *
													Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian													15.98
											Santacrucian				16.2 *
											Colhuehuapian				17.4 *
														Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian													20.44
											Deseadan				20.9 *
													Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												Waitakian	23.03
														Duntroonian	25.2
														Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian													27.82
		Rupelian									Tinguirirican				28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian													33.9
													Arnold	Runangan	34.6
											Divisaderan			Runangan	35.9 *
														Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian												Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian												Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian													41.2
											Mustersan				41.9 *
													Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
														Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian													47.8
											Casamayoran				47.9 *
														Mangaorapan	48.9
														Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian									Riochican			Teurian	56
											Itaboraian				56.9 *
											Peligran				58.9 *
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
		Danian									Tiupampan				62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian				Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian				Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian			Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian					89.8
						Mangaotanean	90.5
						Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian				Arowhanan	93.9
					Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
						Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Motuan	100.5
						Urutawan	103.3
					Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian				Korangan	113
		Aptian					117.5
		Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
		Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Dorashamian	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Midian	259.51
		Wordian						Midian	264.28
		Wordian						Murgabian	266.2 *
		Roadian						Murgabian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Kubergandian	273.01
		Kungurian						Bolorian	279.8
		Artinskian						Bolorian	283.5
		Artinskian						Yakhtashian	286
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian						Asselian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							Adorf	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							Emsian	393.3
		Pragian							Siegen	407.6
		Lochkovian							Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			Cayugan					419.2
	Pridoli			Niagaran					422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
										Alexandrian	438.7 *
				Medinan					Clinton		440.1 *
											440.7 *
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian										Pirgu	445.2
												Vormsi	449.6 *
						Nabala						Johvi †	450 *
						Viru					Rakvere		450.6 *
											Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian									Keila	Idavere †	453
											Haljala		453.9
					Kukruse						456.4 *
					Uhaku						Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Uhaku							458.4
					Lasnamagi							458.9 *
					Aseri							460.4 *
					Oeland	Kunda						462.9 *
						Kunda					Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
						Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian				Volkhov							467.3
		Dapingian				Billingen							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian											470
											Latorp †		470.1 *
						Hunneberg							473.7 *
		Tremadocian				Hunneberg							477.7
						Varangu							481.3 *
						Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort							485.4
													486.3 *
													486.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †						497
		Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan											Stage 5 †	504.5
															509