PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of Germany	Permian of the Pamirs	Silurian of the Baltic	Permian Subages of Germany	Mesozoic Subages		Cambrian of Siberia			Central Paratethys Stages
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																	5.333
		Tortonian													Pannonian				7.246
		Serravallian													Sarmatian				11.63
		Serravallian													Badenian				12.8 *
		Langhian																	13.82
		Burdigalian																	15.98
		Aquitanian																	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																	33.9
		Bartonian																	37.71
		Lutetian																	41.2
		Ypresian																	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																	56
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian								Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian									72.1
		Santonian								Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian								Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian								Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian								Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								Late Albian									100.5
										Middle Albian									106.2 *
										Early Albian									109.9 *
		Aptian								Late Aptian									113
		Aptian								Early Aptian									119.5 *
		Barremian								Late Barremian/Early Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian								Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian								Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian								Late Berriasian									139.8
										Middle Berriasian									140.6 *
										Early Berriasian									142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian								Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian								145
		Tithonian								Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian								146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian								Late Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Kimmeridgian								Early Kimmeridgian									152.2 *
		Oxfordian								Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								154.8
		Oxfordian									Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian								Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian								Late Bajocian									168.2
		Bajocian								Early Bajocian									168.6 *
		Aalenian								Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								Late Toarcian									174.7
										Middle Toarcian									180.4 *
										Early Toarcian									182.9 *
		Pliensbachian								Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian								Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian								Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																	201.4
		Norian								Sevatian									208.5
										Alaunian									213.2 *
										Lacian									216.7 *
		Carnian								Tuvalian									227
		Carnian								Julian									233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian								Longobardian									237
		Ladinian								Fassanian									239.7 *
		Anisian								Illyrian									242
										Pelsonian									243.8 *
										Bithynian									244.7 *
										Aegean									245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian	Buntsandstein		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Buntsandstein		Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Midian		Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian			Midian		Leine	264.28
		Wordian			Murgabian		Leine	266.2 *
		Roadian			Murgabian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kubergandian			273.01
		Kungurian			Bolorian			279.8
		Artinskian			Bolorian			283.5
		Artinskian			Yakhtashian			286
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian	307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Adorf					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian	Siegen					407.6
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli							Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian						Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian						Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian						Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian						Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian						Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian						Jaani	433.4
		Telychian						Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian						Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian						Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian						Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian						Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian								Gamachian	445.2
										Richmondian	446 *
										Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
										Edenian		450.4 *
									Mohawkian	Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian								Chatfieldian		453
										Turinian		453.7 *
									Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian											458.4
		Dapingian											467.3
		Dapingian								Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian								Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian								Tulean				477.7
										Stairsian				480.3 *
										Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
													Demingian †	Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian			Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	487.5
																	Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian																489.5
											Aksaian							490.7 *
						Sakian					492.2 *
											Maentwrogian						493.1 *
		Paibian		494
		Paibian		Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian									494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †		Ayusokkanian							St Davids				497
		Guzhangian				Mayan/Menevian	499.5
		Drumian				Mayan/Menevian	500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †	Amgan/Solvan										504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Amgan/Solvan						Caerfai				509
							Toyonian				Lenian †						510 *
							Botomian										512.5 *
		Stage 3					Botomian										514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian						515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian						521
		Stage 2			Nemakit-Daldynian						525.5
		Fortunian			Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †				529
																			538.8