PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of Germany	Mesozoic Subages		Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic			Silurian of the Baltic	Ordovician of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian													66
		Campanian					Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian													72.1
		Santonian					Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian													83.6
		Coniacian					Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian					Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian					Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Late Albian													100.5
							Middle Albian													106.2 *
							Early Albian													109.9 *
		Aptian					Late Aptian													113
		Aptian					Early Aptian													119.5 *
		Barremian					Late Barremian/Early Barremian													121.4
		Hauterivian					Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian													125.77
		Valanginian					Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian													132.6
		Berriasian					Late Berriasian													139.8
							Middle Berriasian													140.6 *
							Early Berriasian													142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian												145
		Tithonian					Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian												146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian					Late Kimmeridgian													149.2
		Kimmeridgian					Early Kimmeridgian													152.2 *
		Oxfordian					Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian												154.8
		Oxfordian						Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian												157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian					Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian													165.3
		Bajocian					Late Bajocian													168.2
		Bajocian					Early Bajocian													168.6 *
		Aalenian					Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian													170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					Late Toarcian													174.7
							Middle Toarcian													180.4 *
							Early Toarcian													182.9 *
		Pliensbachian					Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian													184.2
		Sinemurian					Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian													192.9
		Hettangian					Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian													199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian					Sevatian													208.5
							Alaunian													213.2 *
							Lacian													216.7 *
		Carnian					Tuvalian													227
		Carnian					Julian													233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Longobardian													237
		Ladinian					Fassanian													239.7 *
		Anisian					Illyrian													242
							Pelsonian													243.8 *
							Bithynian													244.7 *
							Aegean													245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Spathian													247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian				Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian					305.9
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden				Late Famennian		358.9
							Middle Famennian		365.3 *
							Early Famennian		368.5 *
		Frasnian	Adorf				Late Frasnian		372.2
							Middle Frasnian		375.4 *
							Early Frasnian		379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian				Late Givetian		382.7
							Middle Givetian		383.7 *
							Early Givetian		385.9 *
		Eifelian	Eifelian				Late Eifelian		387.7
		Eifelian	Eifelian				Early Eifelian		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Emsian				Late Emsian		393.3
		Emsian	Emsian				Early Emsian		398.3 *
		Pragian	Siegen				Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine				Late Lochkovian		410.8
							Middle Lochkovian		412.8 *
							Early Lochkovian		415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli								Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli								Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian						Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian						Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian						Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian						Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian						Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian						Jaani	433.4
		Telychian						Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian						Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian						Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian						Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian						Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Harju	Porkuni		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian							Pirgu			Gamachian	445.2
									Pirgu			Richmondian	446 *
									Vormsi			Richmondian	449.6 *
									Vormsi			Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Nabala			Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
									Nabala			Edenian			450.4 *
								Viru	Rakvere			Edenian			450.6 *
									Rakvere		Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
									Oandu						452 *
		Sandbian							Keila					Idavere †	453
									Keila			Turinian			453.7 *
									Haljala						453.9
									Kukruse						456.4 *
									Kukruse		Whiterockian		Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
				Uhaku					Aluoja †					457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku										458.4
				Lasnamagi	458.9 *
				Aseri	460.4 *
				Oeland	Kunda			462.9 *
					Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
					Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka					467.1 *
		Dapingian												467.3
												Rangerian		469.1 *
					Billingen							Rangerian		469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
						Latorp †			470.1 *
					Hunneberg				473.7 *
									Tulean			473.9 *
		Tremadocian							Tulean			477.7
									Stairsian			480.3 *
					Varangu				Stairsian			481.3 *
					Varangu				Skullrockian			Demingian †			482 *
					Pakerort										482.2 *
															Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Late Cambrian						Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian			485.4
																	486.3 *
																	486.5
																	487.5
		Jiangshanian															489.5
												Aksaian					490.7 *
												Sakian					492.2 *
		Paibian															494
		Paibian												Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †						Middle Cambrian	Ayusokkanian					497
		Guzhangian											Mayan/Menevian					499.5
		Drumian											Mayan/Menevian					500.5
		Wuliuan											Stage 5 †					Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Early Cambrian					Amgan/Solvan	509
			Toyonian				Lenian †							510 *
			Botomian											512.5 *
		Stage 3	Botomian											514
		Stage 3	Atdabanian											515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian											521
		Stage 2	Nemakit-Daldynian											525.5
		Fortunian	Nemakit-Daldynian				Manykaian †							529
																				538.8