PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of France	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Cenozoic Subepochs	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic			Devonian Subages	Silurian of the Baltic	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Wanganui	Haweran												0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian								Middle Pleistocene										0.129
		Chibanian						Castlecliffian		Middle Pleistocene										0.34
		Calabrian						Castlecliffian		Early Pleistocene										0.774
		Calabrian						Nukumaruan												1.63
		Gelasian						Nukumaruan												1.8
		Gelasian						Mangapanian												2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Mangapanian		Late Pliocene										2.58
		Piacenzian						Waipipian		Late Pliocene										3
		Zanclean						Waipipian		Early Pliocene										3.6
		Zanclean						Opoitian		Early Pliocene										3.7
	Miocene	Messinian					Taranaki	Kapitean		Late Miocene										5.333
		Messinian						Tongaporutuan												7.2
		Tortonian						Tongaporutuan												7.246
		Tortonian					Southland	Waiauan												11.04
		Serravallian						Waiauan		Middle Miocene										11.63
		Serravallian						Lillburnian												13.05
		Langhian						Lillburnian												13.82
								Clifdenian												15.1
							Pareora	Altonian												15.9
		Burdigalian						Altonian		Early Miocene										15.98
		Burdigalian						Otaian												18.7
		Aquitanian						Otaian												20.44
		Aquitanian					Landon	Waitakian												21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Waitakian		Late Oligocene										23.03
								Duntroonian												25.2
								Whaingaroan												27.3
		Rupelian								Early Oligocene										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian								Late Eocene										33.9
							Arnold	Runangan												34.6
								Kaiatan												36.7
		Bartonian						Kaiatan		Middle Eocene										37.71
		Bartonian						Bortonian												39.1
		Lutetian						Bortonian												41.2
							Dannevirke	Porangan												42.6
								Heretaungan												45.7
		Ypresian						Heretaungan		Early Eocene										47.8
								Mangaorapan												48.9
								Waipawan												52
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Teurian		Late Paleocene										56
		Selandian								Middle Paleocene										59.2
		Danian								Early Paleocene										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Mata	Haumurian												66
		Campanian						Haumurian												72.1
		Santonian						Piripauan												83.6
		Santonian					Raukumara	Teratan												86.1
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
								Mangaotanean												90.5
								Arowhanan												93.7
		Cenomanian						Arowhanan												93.9
							Clarence	Ngaterian												95.2
								Motuan												99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Motuan												100.5
								Urutawan												103.3
							Taitai	Korangan												108.4
		Aptian						Korangan												113
		Aptian																		117.5
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian				Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian					305.9
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Famennian		Late Famennian		358.9
									Middle Famennian		365.3 *
									Early Famennian		368.5 *
		Frasnian					Frasnian		Late Frasnian		372.2
									Middle Frasnian		375.4 *
									Early Frasnian		379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Givetian		Late Givetian		382.7
									Middle Givetian		383.7 *
									Early Givetian		385.9 *
		Eifelian	Couvinien				Late Eifelian		387.7
		Eifelian					Early Eifelian		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Late Emsian		393.3
		Emsian					Early Emsian		398.3 *
		Pragian					Pragian		407.6
		Pragian	Coblencien				Pragian		408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine				Late Lochkovian		410.8
							Middle Lochkovian		412.8 *
							Early Lochkovian		415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli								Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli								Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian							Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian							Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian						Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian						Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian						Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian						Jaani	433.4
		Telychian						Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian		438.5				Adavere
		Aeronian		Raikkula				439.4 *
		Rhuddanian		Raikkula				440.8
		Rhuddanian		Juuru				441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Harju				Porkuni		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu			Gamachian	445.2
								Pirgu			Richmondian	446 *
								Vormsi			Richmondian	449.6 *
								Vormsi			Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
								Nabala			Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
								Nabala			Edenian			450.4 *
				Viru				Rakvere			Edenian			450.6 *
								Rakvere		Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
								Oandu						452 *
		Sandbian						Keila					Idavere †	453
								Keila			Turinian			453.7 *
								Haljala						453.9
								Kukruse						456.4 *
								Kukruse		Whiterockian		Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
								Uhaku					Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4			Uhaku
					Lasnamagi			458.9 *
					Aseri			460.4 *
				Oeland	Kunda			462.9 *
					Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum					464.3 *
					Volkhov								Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian													467.3
											Rangerian				469.1 *
					Billingen						Rangerian				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Ibexian				Blackhillsian	Jeffersonian †			Cassinian †	470
								Latorp †							470.1 *
					Hunneberg										473.7 *
										Tulean					473.9 *
		Tremadocian								Tulean					477.7
										Stairsian					480.3 *
					Varangu					Stairsian					481.3 *
					Varangu					Skullrockian				Demingian †	482 *
					Pakerort										482.2 *
															Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Batyrbaian			Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian					485.4
																	486.3 *
																	486.5
																	487.5
		Jiangshanian															489.5
								Aksaian									490.7 *
								Sakian									492.2 *
		Paibian															494
		Paibian										Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian					494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †			Ayusokkanian							497
		Guzhangian									Mayan/Menevian							499.5
		Drumian									Mayan/Menevian							500.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †							Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																Amgan/Solvan	509
			Toyonian				Lenian †					510 *
			Botomian									512.5 *
		Stage 3	Botomian									514
		Stage 3	Atdabanian									515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian									521
		Stage 2	Nemakit-Daldynian									525.5
		Fortunian	Nemakit-Daldynian				Manykaian †					529
																				538.8