PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian of France	Cambrian of China		Cenozoic Subepochs	Silurian of England		Ammonite Chrons of North America			Permian of the Pamirs	Ordovician of China			Central Paratethys Stages	Permian Subages of Germany
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							Late Pleistocene												0.0117
		Chibanian							Middle Pleistocene												0.129
		Calabrian							Early Pleistocene												0.774
		Gelasian							Early Pleistocene												1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †						Late Pliocene												2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean							Early Pliocene												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian							Late Miocene												5.333
		Tortonian							Late Miocene										Pannonian		7.246
		Serravallian							Middle Miocene										Sarmatian		11.63
		Serravallian																	Badenian		12.8 *
		Langhian																			13.82
		Burdigalian							Early Miocene												15.98
		Aquitanian							Early Miocene												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Late Oligocene												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian							Early Oligocene												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian							Late Eocene												33.9
		Bartonian							Middle Eocene												37.71
		Lutetian							Middle Eocene												41.2
		Ypresian							Early Eocene												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Late Paleocene												56
		Selandian							Middle Paleocene												59.2
		Danian							Early Paleocene												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																			66
		Campanian																			72.1
		Santonian																			83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																			100.5
		Aptian																			113
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																			125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian																			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																			145
		Kimmeridgian																			149.2
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Bathonian																			165.3
		Bajocian										Epizigzagiceras									168.2
		Bajocian										Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense									168.4
		Aalenian										Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta									174.7
												Planulata									179.3 *
												Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi							179.8 *
												Kanense									181.3 *
												Carlottense									182.3 *
												Kunae									183.5 *
		Pliensbachian										Kunae									184.2
												Freboldi									185.1 *
												Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras								186.2 *
													Tetraspidoceras								189.2 *
												Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis								190.3 *
		Sinemurian																			192.9
												Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras							196.4 *
												Franziceras/Euphyllites									196.5 *
		Hettangian										Franziceras/Euphyllites									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																			201.4
		Norian																			208.5
		Carnian																			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian	Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Buntsandstein	Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Midian	Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian			Midian	Leine	264.28
		Wordian			Murgabian	Leine	266.2 *
		Roadian			Murgabian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kubergandian		273.01
		Kungurian			Bolorian		279.8
		Artinskian			Bolorian		283.5
		Artinskian			Yakhtashian		286
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian		290.1
		Asselian			Asselian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Couvinien				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Pragian	Coblencien				408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli						Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian							425.6
		Gorstian						Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian						Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian					Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Telychian							436.3 *
		Aeronian							438.5
		Aeronian					Cowleigh Park		439.3 *
		Rhuddanian					Cowleigh Park		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †				443.8
		Katian							Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †				445.2
		Katian							Neichianshanian/Hanjiang						449.5
		Sandbian							Neichianshanian/Hanjiang						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo					458.4
		Darriwilian							Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo				466.3 *
		Dapingian							Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Yiyangian						470
		Tremadocian							Xinchangian						477.7
											Lianghekou †				477.9 *
											Lianghekou †				Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †							Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Jiangshanian							Jiangshanian								Batyrbaian			489.5
																	Aksaian			490.7 *
																	Sakian			492.2 *
		Paibian							Paibian				494
													Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian						494.7 *
										Waergangian †/Youshuanian		494.9 *	Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †	Guzhangian		Wangcunian †	Ayusokkanian					497
		Guzhangian								Guzhangian			Mayan/Menevian					499.5
		Drumian								Drumian			Mayan/Menevian					500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †						Wuliuan/Taijangian			Amgan/Solvan					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Duyunian			Amgan/Solvan					509
													Toyonian	Lenian †				510 *
													Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3								Nangaoian			Botomian					514
		Stage 3								Nangaoian			Atdabanian					515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Meishucunian			Tommotian					521
		Stage 2											Nemakit-Daldynian					525.5
		Fortunian				Manykaian †								529
		Fortunian				Manykaian †				Jinnigian				530.7
																					538.8