PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of North America	North American Land Mammal Ages	Ten Million Year Bins	Carboniferous of Western Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Saintaugustinean	Cenozoic 6			0
		Meghalayan					Santarosean				0.0004
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Late Pleistocene					Rancholabrean				0.014
		Chibanian					Rancholabrean				0.129
		Chibanian					Irvingtonian				0.21
		Calabrian					Irvingtonian				0.774
		Calabrian					Blancan				1.4
		Gelasian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								2.58
		Zanclean									3.6
		Zanclean					Hemphillian				4.7
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Tortonian					Clarendonian				9.4
		Serravallian					Clarendonian	Cenozoic 5			11.63
		Serravallian					Barstovian				12.5
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
							Hemingfordian				16.3
							Arikareean				18.5
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Cenozoic 4			23.03
		Rupelian									27.82
							Whitneyan				29.5
							Orellan				31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian					Chadronian	Cenozoic 3			33.9
		Priabonian					Duchesnean				37
		Bartonian					Duchesnean				37.71
		Bartonian					Uintan				39.7
		Lutetian					Uintan	Cenozoic 2			41.2
		Lutetian					Bridgerian				46.2
		Ypresian					Bridgerian				47.8
							Wasatchian				50.5
							Clarkforkian				54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Clarkforkian	Cenozoic 1			56
		Thanetian					Tiffanian				56.2
		Selandian					Tiffanian				59.2
		Selandian					Torrejonian				60.9
		Danian					Torrejonian				61.6
		Danian					Puercan				63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Cretaceous 8			66
		Campanian						Cretaceous 7			72.1
		Santonian						Cretaceous 6			83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian						Cretaceous 5			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Cretaceous 4			100.5
		Aptian						Cretaceous 3			113
		Barremian						Cretaceous 2			121.4
		Hauterivian						Cretaceous 2			125.77
		Valanginian						Cretaceous 1			132.6
		Berriasian						Cretaceous 1			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Jurassic 6			145
		Kimmeridgian						Jurassic 5			149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian						Jurassic 4			165.3
		Bajocian						Jurassic 4			168.2
		Aalenian						Jurassic 3			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Jurassic 3			174.7
		Pliensbachian						Jurassic 2			184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4	208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian		Permian 3		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2		273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian		Bursumian †		Permian 1		293.52
		Asselian		Bursumian †		Permian 1		Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Virgilian		Carboniferous 5		Kuzel	298.9
								Stephanian	Stephanian C	300.3 *
									Stephanian B	300.9 *
									Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian		Missourian					Stephanian A	303.7
				Missourian					Cantabrian	305 *
				Desmoinesian						305.9 *
		Moscovian				Carboniferous 4				307
								Westphalian	Westphalian D	307.4 *
									Westphalian C	309.8
				Atokan					Westphalian C	312.7 *
									Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian							Westphalian B	315.2
									Westphalian A	317 *
				Morrowan					Westphalian A	318.4 *
								Namurian	Yeadonian	318.8 *
									Marsdenian	320.2 *
									Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
									Alportian	322 *
									Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Chesterian		Carboniferous 3			Chokierian	323.2
									Arnsbergian	324 *
									Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean				Carboniferous 2		Warnantian	Brigantian †	330.9
			Meramecian	335.8 *				Warnantian	Brigantian †
				Livian			Asbian †	336.3 *
				Moliniacian			Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
			Osagean	Moliniacian			Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	343.1 *
		Tournaisian	Osagean	Carboniferous 1		Ivorian		346.7
			Kinderhookian			Ivorian		351.9 *
			Kinderhookian			Hastarian		353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Devonian 5				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		Devonian 4				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Devonian 3				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Devonian 3				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Devonian 2				393.3
		Pragian		Devonian 1				407.6
		Lochkovian		Devonian 1				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			Silurian 2				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		Silurian 1				433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Ordovician 5				443.8
		Katian		Ordovician 5				445.2
		Sandbian		Ordovician 4				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Ordovician 3				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		Ordovician 2				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ordovician 2				470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		Ordovician 1				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Cambrian 5				485.4
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Cambrian 4			497
		Drumian			Cambrian 4			500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †			Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3						Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian						Cambrian 1	529
											538.8