PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of North America	Cambrian of Australia	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cretaceous Subepochs
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian									11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									33.9
		Bartonian									37.71
		Lutetian									41.2
		Ypresian									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Lancian/Edmontonian		Senonian	66
		Campanian						Judithian/Aquilan			72.1
		Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								Gallic	100.5
		Aptian									113
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian								Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
		Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									168.2
		Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
		Norian									208.5
		Carnian									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian							Vokhmian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan							Vokhmian		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian									251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †					Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian		259.51
		Wordian							Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian		264.28
		Roadian							Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
		Artinskian									283.5
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian				Bursumian †					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Virgilian					298.9
		Kasimovian				Missourian					303.7
		Kasimovian				Desmoinesian					305.9 *
		Moscovian				Desmoinesian					307
		Moscovian				Atokan					312.7 *
		Bashkirian				Atokan					315.2
		Bashkirian				Morrowan					318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Chesterian					323.2
		Visean			330.9	Chesterian
					Meramecian	335.8 *
					Osagean	343.1 *
		Tournaisian			Osagean	346.7
		Tournaisian			Kinderhookian	351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Datsonian			485.4
		Stage 10	Payntonian			486.8 *
		Jiangshanian	Iverian			489.5
		Paibian	Idamean			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †			Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian				Boomerangian	499
		Drumian				Undillan	500.5
		Drumian				Floran	503
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †		Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †		Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4				Ordian	509
											510.8 *