PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permian of the Pamirs	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Cambrian of Britain					Silurian of England		Permian Subages of Germany
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Wanganui	Haweran									0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																0.0117
		Chibanian																0.129
		Chibanian							Castlecliffian									0.34
		Calabrian							Castlecliffian									0.774
		Calabrian							Nukumaruan									1.63
		Gelasian							Nukumaruan									1.8
		Gelasian							Mangapanian									2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †						Mangapanian									2.58
		Piacenzian							Waipipian									3
		Zanclean							Waipipian									3.6
		Zanclean							Opoitian									3.7
	Miocene	Messinian						Taranaki	Kapitean									5.333
		Messinian							Tongaporutuan									7.2
		Tortonian							Tongaporutuan									7.246
		Tortonian						Southland	Waiauan									11.04
		Serravallian							Waiauan									11.63
		Serravallian							Lillburnian									13.05
		Langhian							Lillburnian									13.82
									Clifdenian									15.1
								Pareora	Altonian									15.9
		Burdigalian							Altonian									15.98
		Burdigalian							Otaian									18.7
		Aquitanian							Otaian									20.44
		Aquitanian						Landon	Waitakian									21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Waitakian									23.03
									Duntroonian									25.2
									Whaingaroan									27.3
		Rupelian																27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																33.9
								Arnold	Runangan									34.6
									Kaiatan									36.7
		Bartonian							Kaiatan									37.71
		Bartonian							Bortonian									39.1
		Lutetian							Bortonian									41.2
								Dannevirke	Porangan									42.6
									Heretaungan									45.7
		Ypresian							Heretaungan									47.8
									Mangaorapan									48.9
									Waipawan									52
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Teurian									56
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Mata	Haumurian									66
		Campanian							Haumurian									72.1
		Santonian							Piripauan									83.6
		Santonian						Raukumara	Teratan									86.1
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
									Mangaotanean									90.5
									Arowhanan									93.7
		Cenomanian							Arowhanan									93.9
								Clarence	Ngaterian									95.2
									Motuan									99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian							Motuan									100.5
									Urutawan									103.3
								Taitai	Korangan									108.4
		Aptian							Korangan									113
		Aptian																117.5
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Dorashamian	Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	Buntsandstein	Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Midian	Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian				Midian	Leine	264.28
		Wordian				Murgabian	Leine	266.2 *
		Roadian				Murgabian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Kubergandian		273.01
		Kungurian				Bolorian		279.8
		Artinskian				Bolorian		283.5
		Artinskian				Yakhtashian		286
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian		290.1
		Asselian				Asselian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Mapingian †				298.9
		Kasimovian				Mapingian †				303.7
		Kasimovian								305.9
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian								407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle							Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle							Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale							Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian									425.6
		Gorstian								Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian								Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian	Wych							Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
		Telychian									436.3 *
		Aeronian									438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park								439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill								Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan		445.2
									Cautleyan		448.9 *
									Pusgillian		449.3 *
			Caradoc						Streffordian		Onnian †	449.6 *
									Cheneyan			451.5 *
				Burrellian					452.7 *
		Sandbian							453
									Actonian †		453.2 *
									Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
									Longvillian †			455.2 *
				Aurelucian					Longvillian †			456.8 *
				Aurelucian					Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn								458.4
		Darriwilian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								461.3 *
		Dapingian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig	Fennian								468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Fennian								470
				Whitlandian								471.1 *
				Moridunian								474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian								477.7
				Cressagian								480.8 *
				Cressagian								Mansian †	483.55 *
												Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Stage 10											Festiniogian				489.2 *
		Jiangshanian			489.5
					Aksaian									490.7 *
					Sakian									492.2 *
							Maentwrogian						493.1 *
		Paibian											494
		Paibian											Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †		St Davids						Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian											Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian											Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan											Stage 5 †			Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Caerfai					509			Amgan/Solvan
													Toyonian	Lenian †		510 *
						Botomian							512.5 *
		Stage 3				Botomian							514
		Stage 3				Atdabanian								515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Tommotian								521
		Stage 2				Nemakit-Daldynian								525.5
		Fortunian				Nemakit-Daldynian							Manykaian †	529
																		538.8