PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of China	Cambrian of China		Ordovician of Australia	Mesozoic Subages		Ten Million Year Bins	Cambrian of Britain		Cambrian of North America		Cambrian of Siberia			Permian of North America		Silurian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan										Cenozoic 6											0
		Northgrippian																					0.0042
		Greenlandian																					0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																					0.0117
		Chibanian																					0.129
		Calabrian																					0.774
		Gelasian																					1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																				2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																					3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																					5.333
		Tortonian																					7.246
		Serravallian										Cenozoic 5											11.63
		Langhian																					13.82
		Burdigalian																					15.98
		Aquitanian																					20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Cenozoic 4											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										Cenozoic 4											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Cenozoic 3											33.9
		Bartonian										Cenozoic 3											37.71
		Lutetian										Cenozoic 2											41.2
		Ypresian										Cenozoic 2											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Cenozoic 1											56
		Selandian																					59.2
		Danian																					61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		Cretaceous 8											66
		Campanian								Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		Cretaceous 7											72.1
		Santonian								Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		Cretaceous 6											83.6
		Coniacian								Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian								Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian								Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian		Cretaceous 5											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								Late Albian		Cretaceous 4											100.5
										Middle Albian													106.2 *
										Early Albian													109.9 *
		Aptian								Late Aptian		Cretaceous 3											113
		Aptian								Early Aptian		Cretaceous 3											119.5 *
		Barremian								Late Barremian/Early Barremian		Cretaceous 2											121.4
		Hauterivian								Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2											125.77
		Valanginian								Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		Cretaceous 1											132.6
		Berriasian								Late Berriasian													139.8
										Middle Berriasian													140.6 *
										Early Berriasian													142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian								Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Jurassic 6											145
		Tithonian								Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Jurassic 6											146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian								Late Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5											149.2
		Kimmeridgian								Early Kimmeridgian													152.2 *
		Oxfordian								Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian												154.8
		Oxfordian									Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian												157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian								Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		Jurassic 4											165.3
		Bajocian								Late Bajocian													168.2
		Bajocian								Early Bajocian													168.6 *
		Aalenian								Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		Jurassic 3											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								Late Toarcian													174.7
										Middle Toarcian													180.4 *
										Early Toarcian													182.9 *
		Pliensbachian								Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2											184.2
		Sinemurian								Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		Jurassic 1											192.9
		Hettangian								Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		Jurassic 1											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										Triassic 4											201.4
		Norian								Sevatian													208.5
										Alaunian													213.2 *
										Lacian													216.7 *
		Carnian								Tuvalian		Triassic 3											227
		Carnian								Julian		Triassic 3											233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	Triassic 2	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian		242
				Pelsonian		243.8 *
				Bithynian		244.7 *
				Aegean		245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	Triassic 1	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian		248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian		251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian		251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian					Wordian	264.28
		Roadian			Permian 3		Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Permian 2		Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian						Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian						Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian					Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian						Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian			Permian 1			Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5				298.9
		Gzhelian							Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian							Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian	Dalaun						305.8 *
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4				307
		Bashkirian							315.2
			Huashibanian						318.5 *
			Lousuan						321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Dewunian		Carboniferous 3				323.2
		Serpukhovian	Shangsian		Carboniferous 3				330.8 *
		Visean	Shangsian		Carboniferous 2				330.9
		Visean	Jiusian		Carboniferous 2				335 *
		Tournaisian	Tangbagouan		Carboniferous 1				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Devonian 4				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Devonian 3				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2				393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1				407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2				Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli								Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								Lockportian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Silurian 1					Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
											Alexandrian	438.7 *
									Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
												440.7 *
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Bolindian				Ordovician 5				443.8
		Katian			Bolindian								445.2
					Eastonian								449 *
					Gisbornian								452 *
		Sandbian			Gisbornian				Ordovician 4				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Darriwilian				Ordovician 3				458.4
		Dapingian			Yapeenian				Ordovician 2				467.3
		Dapingian			Castlemainian								468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Chewtonian								470
					Bendigonian								471.8 *
					Lancefieldian								473.5 *
		Tremadocian			Lancefieldian				Ordovician 1				477.7
					Warendian								482.8 *
					Warendian								Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Niuchehean				Taoyuanian †					Cambrian 5	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
																Dolgellian/Trempealeauan					Sunwaptan	487.5
																Festiniogian						489.2 *
		Jiangshanian			Jiangshanian																	489.5
																		Aksaian				490.7 *
																		Sakian				492.2 *
																					Steptoean	493 *
				Maentwrogian												493.1 *
		Paibian			Paibian											494
						Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian										494.7 *
						Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			Waergangian †/Youshuanian							494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †			Cambrian 4					St Davids		Marjumian	Albertian †	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian			Guzhangian													Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian			Drumian													Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	Wuliuan/Taijangian										Cambrian 3		Topazan			Amgan/Solvan	504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	Wuliuan/Taijangian												Delamaran				506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Duyunian								Caerfai			Waucoban †					509
																			Toyonian		Lenian †	510 *
							Dyeran	511 *											Toyonian
								Botomian										512.5 *
		Stage 3				Nangaoian										Cambrian 2		514
							Montezuman											514.8 *
							Montezuman	Atdabanian											515.6 *
							Begadean	Atdabanian											519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Meishucunian		Tommotian											521
		Stage 2						Nemakit-Daldynian											525.5
		Fortunian														Cambrian 1		Manykaian †	529
		Fortunian				Jinnigian										Cambrian 1		Manykaian †	530.7
																							538.8