PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of Western Europe		Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Devonian of Germany	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cambrian of North America		Permian of Western Europe	Cretaceous Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan														0
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									Nihewanian					0.0117
		Chibanian														0.129
		Calabrian														0.774
		Gelasian														1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								Yushean					2.58
		Zanclean									Yushean					3.6
		Zanclean									Baodean					4.9
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Tortonian									Tunggurian					11.1
		Serravallian									Tunggurian					11.63
		Langhian									Shanwangian					13.82
		Burdigalian									Shanwangian					15.98
		Burdigalian									Xiejiaan					16.9
		Aquitanian									Xiejiaan					20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian								33.9
		Bartonian						Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan								37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Ypresian							Bumbanian							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Gashatan								56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													Senonian	66
		Campanian														72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													Gallic	100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian													Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
		Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian														168.2
		Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
		Pliensbachian														184.2
		Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														201.4
		Norian														208.5
		Carnian														227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian														237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian														242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian														247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan														251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian														251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †										Zechstein		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian												Rotliegendes		259.51
		Wordian														264.28
		Roadian														266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian														273.01
		Artinskian												Autunian		283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
		Asselian			Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Kuzel		298.9
					Stephanian		Stephanian C			300.3 *
							Stephanian B			300.9 *
							Stephanian A			301.4 *
		Kasimovian					Stephanian A			303.7
		Kasimovian					Cantabrian			305 *
		Moscovian					Cantabrian			307
					Westphalian		Westphalian D			307.4 *
							Westphalian C			309.8
							Westphalian B			314.6
		Bashkirian					Westphalian B			315.2
							Westphalian A			317 *
					Namurian		Yeadonian			318.8 *
							Marsdenian			320.2 *
							Kinderscoutian			321.5 *
							Alportian			322 *
							Chokierian			323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Chokierian			323.2
							Arnsbergian			324 *
							Pendleian			327.4 *
		Visean			Warnantian		Brigantian †			330.9
					Livian		Asbian †		336.3 *
					Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian			Ivorian			346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian		353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Adorf			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			Siegen			407.6
		Lochkovian			Gedinnine			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan	445.2
									Cautleyan	448.9 *
									Pusgillian	449.3 *
								Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
									Cheneyan		451.5 *
									Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian									453
										Actonian †	453.2 *
										Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
										Longvillian †		455.2 *
									Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
									Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian		Arenig				Fennian	468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Fennian	470
								Whitlandian	471.1 *
								Moridunian	474.3 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadoc				Migneintian	477.7
				Tremadoc				Cressagian	480.8 *
									485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan			485.4
		Stage 10				Sunwaptan						487.5
		Jiangshanian				Sunwaptan						489.5
		Jiangshanian				Steptoean						493 *
		Paibian				Steptoean						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †			Marjumian			Albertian †	497
		Drumian							Marjumian				500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †				Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †				Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Waucoban †	Delamaran	509
		Stage 4											Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3											Dyeran	514
													Montezuman	514.8 *
													Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian												529
																538.8