PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of Western Europe		Cretaceous Subepochs	Ordovician of China			North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Silurian of North America			Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Sheridanian						Nihewanian			0.0117
		Chibanian										Sheridanian									0.129
												Cudahyan/Sappan									0.21
																				Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian																			0.774
												Senecan/Rexroadian									1.4
																				Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian																		Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian																		Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †															Yushean		Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian																		Waipipian	3
		Zanclean																		Waipipian	3.6
																				Opoitian	3.7
												Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian									4.7
																		Baodean			4.9
	Miocene	Messinian																	Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian																		Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian																			7.246
												Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian									9.4
																			Southland	Waiauan	11.04
																		Tunggurian			11.1
		Serravallian																			11.63
												late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian									12.5
																				Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian																Shanwangian		Lillburnian	13.82
																				Clifdenian	15.1
																			Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian																			15.98
												Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian									16.3
												Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian						Xiejiaan			16.9
												late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian								18.5
																				Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian																		Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian																	Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																			23.03
													Monroecreekian								23.1 *
													Geringian								24.7 *
																				Duntroonian	25.2
																				Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian																			27.82
		Rupelian																			29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian									33.9
																			Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																				Kaiatan	36.7
																					37
		Bartonian																			37.71
																				Bortonian	39.1
												Late Uintan/Early Uintan									39.7
		Lutetian																			41.2
																			Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																				Heretaungan	45.7
												Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian									46.2
		Ypresian																			47.8
																				Mangaorapan	48.9
												Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean								Mangaorapan	50.5
												Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean								Waipawan	52
														Cf3/Cf2/Cf1						Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Cf3/Cf2/Cf1						Teurian	56
		Thanetian												Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1							56.2
		Selandian												Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1							59.2
		Selandian												To3/To2/To1							60.9
		Danian		61.6										To3/To2/To1
		Danian		Pu3/Pu2/Pu1	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Senonian		Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian					Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
							Mangaotanean	90.5
							Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
							Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Gallic			Motuan	100.5
							Urutawan	103.3
						Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian					Korangan	113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian		Neocomian				125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian							Wordian	264.28
		Roadian							Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian								Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian								Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian							Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian								Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian								Nealian	293.52
		Asselian								Nealian	Kuzel		297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									Kuzel		298.9
											Stephanian		Stephanian C	300.3 *
													Stephanian B	300.9 *
													Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian											Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian											Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian											Cantabrian	307
											Westphalian	Westphalian D	307.4 *
												Westphalian C	309.8
												Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian										Westphalian B	315.2
												Westphalian A	317 *
											Namurian	Yeadonian	318.8 *
												Marsdenian	320.2 *
			Kinderscoutian		321.5 *
			Alportian		322 *
			Chokierian		323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chokierian		323.2
			Arnsbergian		324 *
			Pendleian		327.4 *
		Visean	Warnantian		Brigantian †						330.9
			Livian		Asbian †						336.3 *
			Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian						340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian								346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian								353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian									372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian									387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Cayugan				419.2
	Pridoli						Niagaran				422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		Lockportian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		Ontarian		433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
						Alexandrian					438.7 *
				Medinan			Clinton				440.1 *
											440.7 *
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Hirnantian		Xiaoxita †/Shikou					Wufeng †			443.8
		Katian		Chientangkiangian							Wufeng †			445.2
		Katian		Neichianshanian/Hanjiang										449.5
		Sandbian		Neichianshanian/Hanjiang										453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Darriwilian		Guniu †/Hulo								458.4
		Darriwilian		Darriwilian		Hunjiang †					Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo			466.3 *
		Dapingian		Dapingian										467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Yiyangian										470
		Tremadocian		Xinchangian										Ungurian	477.7
		Tremadocian		Xinchangian							Lianghekou †			Ungurian	477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Late Cambrian			Batyrbaian	485.4
		Jiangshanian												Batyrbaian	489.5
														Aksaian	490.7 *
														Sakian	492.2 *
		Paibian												Sakian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †			Middle Cambrian	Ayusokkanian	497
		Guzhangian														499.5
		Drumian													Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian													Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan													Tuesaian	Stage 5 †	504.5
		Wuliuan								505.3						Stage 5 †
	Series 2	Stage 4												Early Cambrian	509
									Toyonian						510 *
									Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3							Botomian						514
		Stage 3							Atdabanian						515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							Tommotian						521
		Stage 2													525.5
		Fortunian													529
																					538.8