PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of Western Europe		Cambrian of North America		Devonian of Germany	Permian of Western Europe	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian Subages of Germany
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Serravallian														11.63
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
		Bartonian														37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Ypresian														47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian														56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														66
		Campanian														72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
		Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian										Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites				168.2
		Bajocian											Humphresianum			168.4
		Aalenian										Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense			174.7
												Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons				180.1
												Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum				182
		Pliensbachian										Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni				184.2
		Sinemurian										Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi				192.9
		Hettangian										Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														201.4
		Norian														208.5
		Carnian														227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian														237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian														242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian														247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan														251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian													Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †							Zechstein				Buntsandstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Rotliegendes				Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian													Leine	264.28
		Roadian														266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian														273.01
		Artinskian									Autunian					283.5
		Sakmarian														290.1
		Asselian														293.52
		Asselian				Kuzel										297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Kuzel								Late Pennsylvanian		298.9
						Stephanian	Stephanian C									300.3 *
							Stephanian B									300.9 *
							Stephanian A									301.4 *
		Kasimovian			303.7		Stephanian A
		Kasimovian			Cantabrian		305 *
		Moscovian			Cantabrian		Middle Pennsylvanian	307
					Westphalian	Westphalian D		307.4 *
						Westphalian C		309.8
						Westphalian B		314.6
		Bashkirian				Westphalian B	Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
						Westphalian A		317 *
					Namurian	Yeadonian		318.8 *
						Marsdenian		320.2 *
						Kinderscoutian		321.5 *
						Alportian		322 *
						Chokierian		323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Chokierian	Late Mississippian	323.2
						Arnsbergian		324 *
						Pendleian		327.4 *
		Visean			Warnantian	Brigantian †	Middle Mississippian	330.9
			Livian		Asbian †	336.3 *
			Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian			Early Mississippian	346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian			Early Mississippian	353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				Adorf		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Emsian		393.3
		Pragian				Siegen		407.6
		Lochkovian				Gedinnine		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						443.8
		Katian						445.2
		Sandbian						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10							Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian							Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian							Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian							Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †		497
		Drumian							Marjumian			500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †					Topazan			504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †					Delamaran			506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4							Delamaran	Waucoban †		509
		Stage 4							Dyeran			511 *
		Stage 3							Dyeran			514
									Montezuman			514.8 *
									Begadean			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian										529
																538.8