PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of Western Europe		Mesozoic Subages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian								Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian								Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian								Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean								Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian								Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian								Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian								Middle Miocene	11.63
		Langhian								Middle Miocene	13.82
		Burdigalian								Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian								Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian								Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian								Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian								Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian								Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian								Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian								Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian								Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian						Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			72.1
		Santonian						Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian						Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian						Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian						Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Late Albian			100.5
								Middle Albian			106.2 *
								Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian						Late Aptian			113
		Aptian						Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian						Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian						Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian						Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian						Late Berriasian			139.8
								Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
								Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian						Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian						Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian						Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian						Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian							Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian						Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian						Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian						Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian						Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Late Toarcian			174.7
								Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
								Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian						Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian						Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian						Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
		Norian						Sevatian			208.5
								Alaunian			213.2 *
								Lacian			216.7 *
		Carnian						Tuvalian			227
		Carnian						Julian			233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						Longobardian			237
		Ladinian						Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian						Illyrian			242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
		Asselian				Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Kuzel	298.9
						Stephanian	Stephanian C	300.3 *
							Stephanian B	300.9 *
							Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian	303.7				Stephanian A
		Kasimovian	Cantabrian				305 *
		Moscovian	Cantabrian				307
			Westphalian			Westphalian D	307.4 *
						Westphalian C	309.8
						Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian				Westphalian B	315.2
						Westphalian A	317 *
			Namurian			Yeadonian	318.8 *
						Marsdenian	320.2 *
						Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
						Alportian	322 *
						Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Chokierian	323.2
						Arnsbergian	324 *
						Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean	Warnantian			Brigantian †	330.9
			Livian			Asbian †	336.3 *
			Moliniacian			Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian				346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian				353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					443.8
		Katian					445.2
		Sandbian					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					485.4
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †	497
		Drumian						500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †			504.5
											509