PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Devonian Subages	Cenozoic Subepochs	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		North American Mammal Subages/Zones
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Wanganui	Haweran				0
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene					Sheridanian			0.0117
		Chibanian						Middle Pleistocene					Sheridanian			0.129
													Cudahyan/Sappan			0.21
												Castlecliffian				0.34
		Calabrian						Early Pleistocene								0.774
													Senecan/Rexroadian			1.4
												Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan				1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian				2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Late Pliocene				Mangapanian				2.58
		Piacenzian						Late Pliocene				Waipipian				3
		Zanclean						Early Pliocene				Waipipian				3.6
												Opoitian				3.7
												Opoitian	Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian			4.7
	Miocene	Messinian						Late Miocene			Taranaki	Kapitean				5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian														7.246
													Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian			9.4
											Southland	Waiauan				11.04
		Serravallian						Middle Miocene								11.63
													late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian			12.5
												Lillburnian				13.05
		Langhian										Lillburnian				13.82
												Clifdenian				15.1
											Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian						Early Miocene								15.98
													Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian			16.3
													late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian		18.5
												Otaian				18.7
		Aquitanian										Otaian				20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian				21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Late Oligocene								23.03
														Monroecreekian		23.1 *
														Geringian		24.7 *
												Duntroonian				25.2
												Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian						Early Oligocene								27.82
		Rupelian						Early Oligocene								29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian						Late Eocene					Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian			33.9
											Arnold	Runangan				34.6
												Kaiatan				36.7
																37
		Bartonian						Middle Eocene								37.71
												Bortonian				39.1
													Late Uintan/Early Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian														41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
												Heretaungan				45.7
													Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian			46.2
		Ypresian						Early Eocene								47.8
												Mangaorapan				48.9
												Mangaorapan	Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean			50.5
												Waipawan	Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean			52
												Waipawan			Cf3/Cf2/Cf1	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Late Paleocene				Teurian			Cf3/Cf2/Cf1	56
		Thanetian						Late Paleocene							Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1	56.2
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene							Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1	59.2
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene							To3/To2/To1	60.9
		Danian						Early Paleocene							To3/To2/To1	61.6
		Danian						Early Paleocene							Pu3/Pu2/Pu1	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Mata	Haumurian				66
		Campanian		72.1								Haumurian
		Santonian		Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian				86.3
		Turonian				89.8
					Mangaotanean	90.5
					Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian			Arowhanan	93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
					Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan	100.5
					Urutawan	103.3
				Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian			Korangan	113
		Aptian				117.5
		Barremian				121.4
		Hauterivian				125.77
		Valanginian				132.6
		Berriasian				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Oteke		Puaroan			145
		Kimmeridgian		Oteke		Puaroan			149.2
				Kawhia		Ohauan			150
						Heterian			154.5
		Oxfordian							154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							161.5
		Callovian				Temaikan			164.3
		Bathonian							165.3
		Bajocian							168.2
		Aalenian							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							174.7
		Toarcian		Herangi		Ururoan			176
		Pliensbachian				Ururoan			184.2
		Pliensbachian				Aratauran			188.9
		Sinemurian							192.9
		Hettangian							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Balfour		Otapirian			201.4
		Norian				Warepan			208.5
						Otamitan			217
						Oretian			221
		Carnian				Oretian			227
		Carnian		Gore		Kaihikuan			227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Kaihikuan			237
		Ladinian				Etalian			238
		Anisian				Etalian			242
		Anisian				Malakovian			246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Malakovian			247.2
		Olenekian				Nelsonian			249
		Induan				Nelsonian			251.2
		Induan		DUrville		Makarewan			251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Makarewan			Melekhovian	251.902
		Changhsingian				Waiitian				253.2
		Wuchiapingian				Waiitian				Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Puruhauan				Longtanian †	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Aparima				Flettian	259.51
		Wordian									264.28
									Noginskian		264.9 *
										Barettian	266
		Roadian									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
										Mangapirian	276
									Pavlovoposadian		276.8 *
		Artinskian									283.5
										Telfordian	285
			Rusavkinian					287.6 *		Telfordian
									288.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian						303.7
			Khamovnikian						304.8
			Krevyakinian						305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian						307
			Podolskian						308.9 *
			Kashirian						311.4 *
			Vereian						313.8
			Melekessian						314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian						315.2
			Cheremshanian						316.9 *
			Prikamian		318.6 *
			Severokeltmian		319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian		321.2 *
			Voznesenian		321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian		323.2
			Protvian		324.4 *
			Steshevian		326.8 *
			Tarusian		329 *
		Visean	Venevian		330.9
			Mikhailovian		331.9 *
			Aleksinian		333.7 *
			Tulian		335.8 *
			Bobrikian		339.9 *
			Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian		346.7
			Kizelian		350.7 *
			Cherepetian		351.9 *
			Karakubian		354.4 *
			Upinian		356.3 *
			Malevkian		357.6 *
			Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Late Famennian		358.9
					Middle Famennian		365.3 *
					Early Famennian		368.5 *
		Frasnian			Late Frasnian		372.2
					Middle Frasnian		375.4 *
					Early Frasnian		379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Late Givetian		382.7
					Middle Givetian		383.7 *
					Early Givetian		385.9 *
		Eifelian			Late Eifelian		387.7
		Eifelian			Early Eifelian		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Late Emsian		393.3
		Emsian			Early Emsian		398.3 *
		Pragian			Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian			Late Lochkovian		410.8
					Middle Lochkovian		412.8 *
					Early Lochkovian		415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Harju			Porkuni		443.8
		Katian					Pirgu		445.2
							Vormsi		449.6 *
							Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
				Viru		Rakvere	450.6 *
						Oandu	452 *
		Sandbian				Keila	Idavere †	453
						Haljala		453.9
						Kukruse		456.4 *
						Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Uhaku		458.4
						Lasnamagi		458.9 *
						Aseri		460.4 *
				Oeland		Kunda		462.9 *
						Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
						Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian				Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian				Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							470
							Latorp †		470.1 *
						Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian				Hunneberg			477.7
						Varangu			481.3 *
						Pakerort			482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort			485.4
									486.3 *
									486.5
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †	497
		Drumian								500.5
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †	504.5
																509