PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Ordovician of China			Permian of the Pamirs	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Cambrian of Britain		Ordovician of Britain				Silurian of England
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Wanganui	Haweran									0
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																			0.0117
		Chibanian																			0.129
		Chibanian										Castlecliffian									0.34
		Calabrian										Castlecliffian									0.774
		Calabrian										Nukumaruan									1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan									1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian									2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Mangapanian									2.58
		Piacenzian										Waipipian									3
		Zanclean										Waipipian									3.6
		Zanclean										Opoitian									3.7
	Miocene	Messinian									Taranaki	Kapitean									5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan									7.2
		Tortonian										Tongaporutuan									7.246
		Tortonian									Southland	Waiauan									11.04
		Serravallian										Waiauan									11.63
		Serravallian										Lillburnian									13.05
		Langhian										Lillburnian									13.82
												Clifdenian									15.1
											Pareora	Altonian									15.9
		Burdigalian										Altonian									15.98
		Burdigalian										Otaian									18.7
		Aquitanian										Otaian									20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian									21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Waitakian									23.03
												Duntroonian									25.2
												Whaingaroan									27.3
		Rupelian																			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																			33.9
											Arnold	Runangan									34.6
												Kaiatan									36.7
		Bartonian										Kaiatan									37.71
		Bartonian										Bortonian									39.1
		Lutetian										Bortonian									41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan									42.6
												Heretaungan									45.7
		Ypresian										Heretaungan									47.8
												Mangaorapan									48.9
												Waipawan									52
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Teurian									56
		Selandian																			59.2
		Danian																			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Mata	Haumurian									66
		Campanian										Haumurian									72.1
		Santonian										Piripauan									83.6
		Santonian									Raukumara	Teratan									86.1
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
												Mangaotanean									90.5
												Arowhanan									93.7
		Cenomanian										Arowhanan									93.9
											Clarence	Ngaterian									95.2
												Motuan									99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Motuan									100.5
												Urutawan									103.3
											Taitai	Korangan									108.4
		Aptian										Korangan									113
		Aptian																			117.5
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																			125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Melekhovian	Dorashamian	Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	Buntsandstein	Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Midian	Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian						Leine	264.28
					Noginskian				264.9 *
							Murgabian		266.2 *
		Roadian					Murgabian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kubergandian		273.01
					Pavlovoposadian		Kubergandian		276.8 *
							Bolorian		279.8
		Artinskian					Bolorian		283.5
							Yakhtashian		286
					Rusavkinian		Yakhtashian		287.6 *
		Sakmarian					Sakmarian		290.1
		Asselian					Asselian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian			Dorogomilovian				303.7
					Khamovnikian				304.8
					Krevyakinian				305.8 *
		Moscovian			Myachkovian				307
					Podolskian				308.9 *
					Kashirian				311.4 *
					Vereian				313.8
					Melekessian				314.8
		Bashkirian			Melekessian				315.2
					Cheremshanian				316.9 *
			Prikamian		318.6 *
			Severokeltmian		319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian		321.2 *
			Voznesenian		321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian		323.2
			Protvian		324.4 *
			Steshevian		326.8 *
			Tarusian		329 *
		Visean	Venevian		330.9
			Mikhailovian		331.9 *
			Aleksinian		333.7 *
			Tulian		335.8 *
			Bobrikian		339.9 *
			Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian		346.7
			Kizelian		350.7 *
			Cherepetian		351.9 *
			Karakubian		354.4 *
			Upinian		356.3 *
			Malevkian		357.6 *
			Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
		Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine				419.2
	Pridoli			Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton				421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood				423
		Gorstian							425.6
		Gorstian			Buildwas				426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian			Buildwas				427.4
		Homerian		Wych	Woolhope				428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Telychian							436.3 *
		Aeronian							438.5
		Aeronian		Cowleigh Park					439.3 *
		Rhuddanian		Cowleigh Park		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Hirnantian		Xiaoxita †/Shikou			Wufeng †	Ashgill	Hirnantian		443.8
		Katian		Chientangkiangian							Rawtheyan		445.2
											Cautleyan		448.9 *
								Pusgillian			449.3 *
				Neichianshanian/Hanjiang				Pusgillian			449.5
								Caradoc		Streffordian	Onnian †		449.6 *
										Cheneyan			451.5 *
										Burrellian			452.7 *
		Sandbian											453
											Actonian †		453.2 *
											Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
											Longvillian †			455.2 *
							Aurelucian			456.8 *	Longvillian †
							Aurelucian			Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Darriwilian		Guniu †/Hulo	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn					458.4
						Guniu †/Hulo		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					461.3 *
						Hunjiang †			Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo				466.3 *
		Dapingian		Dapingian									467.3
		Dapingian		Dapingian			Arenig	Fennian					468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Yiyangian				Fennian					470
								Whitlandian					471.1 *
								Moridunian					474.3 *
		Tremadocian		Xinchangian			Tremadoc	Migneintian					477.7
								Migneintian	Lianghekou †				477.9 *
								Cressagian					480.8 *
								Cressagian					Mansian †	483.55 *
													Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10											Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Stage 10												Festiniogian				489.2 *
		Jiangshanian																489.5
															Aksaian			490.7 *
															Sakian			492.2 *
														Maentwrogian				493.1 *
		Paibian																494
		Paibian															Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †	St Davids		Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian														Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian														Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan														Stage 5 †			Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Caerfai			Amgan/Solvan	509
																	Toyonian		Lenian †	510 *
																	Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3															Botomian			514
		Stage 3															Atdabanian			515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian														521
		Stage 2	Nemakit-Daldynian														525.5
		Fortunian	Nemakit-Daldynian														Manykaian †		529
																					538.8