PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Silurian of the Baltic	Cambrian of China		Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian											Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian											Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian											Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian											Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian											Middle Miocene	11.63
		Langhian											Middle Miocene	13.82
		Burdigalian											Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian											Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian		Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian								Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian		Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian								Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian			Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian								Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan			Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian											Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian									Bumbanian		Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Gashatan			Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian											Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian											Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										Lancian/Edmontonian		66
		Campanian										Judithian/Aquilan		72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												145
		Kimmeridgian												149.2
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Pliensbachian												184.2
		Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												201.4
		Norian												208.5
		Carnian												227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian												237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian												242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian												247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan												251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Melekhovian								251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †										254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian												259.51
		Wordian												264.28
		Wordian				Noginskian								264.9 *
		Roadian												266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian												273.01
		Kungurian				Pavlovoposadian								276.8 *
		Artinskian				Pavlovoposadian								283.5
		Artinskian				Rusavkinian								287.6 *
		Sakmarian												290.1
		Asselian												293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian												298.9
		Kasimovian			Dorogomilovian	303.7
					Khamovnikian	304.8
					Krevyakinian	305.8 *
		Moscovian			Myachkovian	307
					Podolskian	308.9 *
					Kashirian	311.4 *
					Vereian	313.8
					Melekessian	314.8
		Bashkirian			Melekessian	315.2
					Cheremshanian	316.9 *
					Prikamian	318.6 *
					Severokeltmian	319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
					Voznesenian	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Zapaltjubian	323.2
					Protvian	324.4 *
					Steshevian	326.8 *
					Tarusian	329 *
		Visean			Venevian	330.9
					Mikhailovian	331.9 *
					Aleksinian	333.7 *
			Tulian		335.8 *
			Bobrikian		339.9 *
			Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian		346.7
			Kizelian		350.7 *
			Cherepetian		351.9 *
			Karakubian		354.4 *
			Upinian		356.3 *
			Malevkian		357.6 *
			Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli				Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian			Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian			Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian			Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian			Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian			Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian			Jaani	433.4
		Telychian			Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian			Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian			Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian			Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian			Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			443.8
		Katian			445.2
		Sandbian			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Jiangshanian			Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian			Paibian		494
		Paibian			Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian				Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †	Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Duyunian		509
	Series 2	Stage 3					Nangaoian		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian					Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian					Jinnigian		530.7
														538.8