PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of North America		Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian of Eastern North America		Cambrian of West Avalonia	Silurian of North America			Mesozoic Subages		Carboniferous Subepochs	Ordovician of the Baltic
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Cenozoic 6												0
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																			0.0117
		Chibanian																			0.129
		Calabrian																			0.774
		Gelasian																			1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																			3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																			5.333
		Tortonian																			7.246
		Serravallian							Cenozoic 5												11.63
		Langhian																			13.82
		Burdigalian																			15.98
		Aquitanian																			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Cenozoic 4												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian							Cenozoic 4												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian							Cenozoic 3												33.9
		Bartonian							Cenozoic 3												37.71
		Lutetian							Cenozoic 2												41.2
		Ypresian							Cenozoic 2												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Cenozoic 1												56
		Selandian																			59.2
		Danian																			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian							Cretaceous 8							Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian					66
		Campanian							Cretaceous 7							Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian					72.1
		Santonian							Cretaceous 6							Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian					83.6
		Coniacian														Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian														Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian					89.8
		Cenomanian							Cretaceous 5							Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian							Cretaceous 4							Late Albian					100.5
																Middle Albian					106.2 *
																Early Albian					109.9 *
		Aptian							Cretaceous 3							Late Aptian					113
		Aptian							Cretaceous 3							Early Aptian					119.5 *
		Barremian							Cretaceous 2							Late Barremian/Early Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian							Cretaceous 2							Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian							Cretaceous 1							Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian														Late Berriasian					139.8
																Middle Berriasian					140.6 *
																Early Berriasian					142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian							Jurassic 6							Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				145
		Tithonian							Jurassic 6							Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian							Jurassic 5							Late Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Kimmeridgian														Early Kimmeridgian					152.2 *
		Oxfordian														Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				154.8
		Oxfordian															Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian							Jurassic 4							Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian														Late Bajocian					168.2
		Bajocian														Early Bajocian					168.6 *
		Aalenian							Jurassic 3							Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														Late Toarcian					174.7
																Middle Toarcian					180.4 *
																Early Toarcian					182.9 *
		Pliensbachian							Jurassic 2							Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian							Jurassic 1							Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian							Jurassic 1							Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian							Triassic 4												201.4
		Norian														Sevatian					208.5
																Alaunian					213.2 *
																Lacian					216.7 *
		Carnian							Triassic 3							Tuvalian					227
		Carnian							Triassic 3							Julian					233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	Longobardian	237
		Ladinian			Fassanian	239.7 *
		Anisian			Illyrian	242
					Pelsonian	243.8 *
					Bithynian	244.7 *
					Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian			Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan			Dienerian	251.2
		Induan			Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian					Wordian	264.28
		Roadian		Roadian			Permian 3	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Leonardian			Cathedralian	Permian 2	273.01
		Kungurian					Hessian		281.9 *
		Artinskian					Hessian		283.5
		Artinskian		Wolfcampian			Lenoxian		286.1 *
		Sakmarian					Lenoxian		290.1
		Asselian					Nealian	Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Carboniferous 5	Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian						Carboniferous 5	Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian						Carboniferous 4	Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian	Early Pennsylvanian					Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3					Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2					Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1					Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5					Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4					West Fallsian/Sonyean		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3					Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan		Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3					Southwoodian		Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2					Sawkillian/Deer Parkian		Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1								407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1								410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2								Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli										Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1									Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
													Alexandrian	438.7 *
											Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
														440.7 *
		Rhuddanian												440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5											Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian													Pirgu	445.2
															Vormsi	449.6 *
															Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
														Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
															Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4												Keila	Idavere †	453
															Haljala		453.9
															Kukruse		456.4 *
															Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3												Uhaku		458.4
															Lasnamagi		458.9 *
															Aseri		460.4 *
														Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
															Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
															Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2												Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian													Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian																470
																Latorp †		470.1 *
															Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian	Ungurian												Hunneberg			Ordovician 1	477.7
															Varangu				481.3 *
															Pakerort				482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Batyrbaian												Pakerort	Cambrian 5			485.4
																			486.3 *
																			486.5
		Jiangshanian			489.5
			Aksaian		490.7 *
			Sakian		492.2 *
		Paibian	Sakian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †		Ayusokkanian	Cambrian 4										497
					Ayusokkanian											Arcadian			498.4
																			499.5
		Drumian			Zhanaarykian														500.5
		Drumian			Tuesaian														503
		Wuliuan			Tuesaian	Stage 5 †													Cambrian 3	504.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †														505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4				Branchian	509
					Toyonian		510 *
					Botomian		512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian		Cambrian 2									514
					Atdabanian											515.6 *
					Atdabanian	Placentian										517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian											521
		Stage 2							525.5
		Fortunian					Cambrian 1		529
																					538.8