PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of North America		Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Permian of Western Europe	Cambrian of China		Silurian Ages of Europe	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Permian of the Salt Range	Silurian of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian														Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites				168.2
		Bajocian															Humphresianum			168.4
		Aalenian														Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense			174.7
																Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons				180.1
																Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum				182
		Pliensbachian														Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni				184.2
		Sinemurian														Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi				192.9
		Hettangian														Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian																		208.5
		Carnian																		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																		247.2
		Induan																		251.2
		Induan																Kathwai		251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																Kathwai		251.902
																				252.4 *
																		Chhidru		252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †								Zechstein						Chhidru		254.14
																		Kalabagh		255 *
																		Wargal		256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Capitanian						Rotliegendes								259.51
		Wordian				Wordian														264.28
																				265.3 *
																		Amb		266.1 *
		Roadian				Roadian												Amb		266.9
		Roadian				Roadian														270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Leonardian	Cathedralian													273.01
		Kungurian			Hessian		281.9 *
		Artinskian			Hessian		Autunian	283.5
		Artinskian			Wolfcampian	Lenoxian		286.1 *
		Sakmarian				Lenoxian		290.1
		Asselian				Nealian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Cayugan					419.2
	Pridoli		Niagaran					422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						Gleedonian	Lockportian	427.4
		Homerian						Whitwellian	Lockportian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
										Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Medinan						Clinton		440.1 *
											440.7 *
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian									443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian									Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian	Berounian										449.7 *
		Sandbian											453
													Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
												Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian													458.4
			Dobrotivian												458.5 *
			Oretanian												459.7 *
												Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian										Klabava †			467.3
		Dapingian	Arenigian												468
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Arenigian												470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Tremadocian												477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10													Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Jiangshanian													Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian													Paibian		494
		Paibian													Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian													Series 3 †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †		497
		Drumian														Drumian	Wangcunian †		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †												Wuliuan/Taijangian			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Duyunian			509
	Series 2	Stage 3														Nangaoian			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2														Meishucunian			521
		Fortunian														Meishucunian			529
		Fortunian														Jinnigian			530.7
																				538.8