PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of North America		Ordovician of the Baltic				Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian Subages of Germany	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian														Lujanian		0.129
		Chibanian														Ensenadan		0.3 *
		Calabrian														Ensenadan		0.774
		Calabrian														Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian														Sanandresian		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													Vorohuean		2.58
		Piacenzian														Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
		Zanclean														Chapadmalalan		3.6
																Montehermosan		3.7 *
																Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
																Chasicoan		7.9 *
																Mayoan		9.9 *
																Laventan		10.9 *
		Serravallian														Laventan		11.63
		Serravallian														Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian														Colloncuran		13.82
		Langhian														Friasian		15.4 *
		Burdigalian														Friasian		15.98
																Santacrucian		16.2 *
																Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
		Aquitanian														Colhuehuapian		20.44
		Aquitanian														Deseadan		20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian			23.03
		Rupelian												Kekeamuan				27.82
		Rupelian												Kekeamuan		Tinguirirican		28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian												Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		Tinguirirican		33.9
		Priabonian												Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		Divisaderan		35.9 *
		Bartonian												Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan				37.71
		Lutetian																41.2
		Lutetian														Mustersan		41.9 *
		Ypresian													Bumbanian	Mustersan		47.8
		Ypresian													Bumbanian	Casamayoran		47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Gashatan		Riochican		56
																Itaboraian		56.9 *
																Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
		Danian														Tiupampan		62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																145
		Kimmeridgian																149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian																168.2
		Aalenian																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																174.7
		Pliensbachian																184.2
		Sinemurian																192.9
		Hettangian																199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Buntsandstein	Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian			Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Capitanian	Ohre/Aller	Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian			Wordian	Leine	Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian			Roadian		Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Leonardian		Cathedralian	Luodianian	273.01
		Kungurian					Hessian		281.9 *
		Artinskian							283.5
								Longlinian	285.4 *
					Wolfcampian		Lenoxian		286.1 *
		Sakmarian					Lenoxian		290.1
		Asselian					Nealian	Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Zisongian	Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian								300.1
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian							Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian							Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean							Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian							Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian								407.6
		Lochkovian								410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju							Porkuni	443.8
		Katian								Pirgu	445.2
										Vormsi	449.6 *
										Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
			Viru							Rakvere		450.6 *
										Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian								Keila	Idavere †	453
										Haljala		453.9
										Kukruse		456.4 *
										Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Uhaku		458.4
										Lasnamagi		458.9 *
										Aseri		460.4 *
			Oeland							Kunda		462.9 *
										Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
										Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian								Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian								Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian											470
											Latorp †		470.1 *
										Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian								Hunneberg			477.7
										Varangu			481.3 *
										Pakerort			482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Pakerort			Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
		Jiangshanian											Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian											Paibian		494
		Paibian											Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Guzhangian		Arcadian										Guzhangian		498.4
		Drumian												Drumian		500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †								Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Branchian	Duyunian		509
		Stage 3											Branchian	Nangaoian		514
		Stage 3											Placentian	Nangaoian		517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian												Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian												Jinnigian		530.7
																		538.8