PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of North America		Permian of Western Europe	Ordovician of North America						Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Serravallian														11.63
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
		Bartonian														37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Ypresian														47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian														56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														66
		Campanian														72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
		Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian														168.2
		Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
		Pliensbachian														184.2
		Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														201.4
		Norian														208.5
		Carnian														227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian														237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian														242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian														247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan														251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian														251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †				Zechstein								254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Capitanian		Rotliegendes								259.51
		Wordian				Wordian										264.28
		Roadian				Roadian										266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Leonardian	Cathedralian									273.01
		Kungurian					Hessian									281.9 *
		Artinskian					Hessian	Autunian								283.5
		Artinskian				Wolfcampian	Lenoxian									286.1 *
		Sakmarian					Lenoxian									290.1
		Asselian					Nealian									293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian													Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian													Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian														305.9
		Moscovian														307
		Bashkirian														315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian														323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian		Gamachian				443.8
		Katian			Gamachian				445.2
					Richmondian				446 *
					Maysvillian				Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
					Edenian					450.4 *
			Mohawkian		Chatfieldian					451.1 *
		Sandbian			Chatfieldian					453
					Turinian					453.7 *
			Whiterockian						Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
		Dapingian									467.3
		Dapingian			Rangerian						469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian		Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian			Tulean							473.9 *
		Tremadocian			Tulean							477.7
					Stairsian							480.3 *
					Skullrockian						Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Skullrockian							Late Cambrian	485.4
		Stage 10											487.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										Series 3 †	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian												500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †										504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3												514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian												529
																538.8