PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of North America		Permian of Western Europe	Ordovician of China			Cambrian of North America		Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Cretaceous Subepochs	Permian of China	Ordovician of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																				2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																					3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																					5.333
		Tortonian																					7.246
		Serravallian																					11.63
		Langhian																					13.82
		Burdigalian																					15.98
		Aquitanian																					20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																					33.9
		Bartonian																					37.71
		Lutetian																					41.2
		Ypresian																					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																					56
		Selandian																					59.2
		Danian																					61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														Senonian							66
		Campanian																					72.1
		Santonian																					83.6
		Coniacian																					86.3
		Turonian																					89.8
		Cenomanian																					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														Gallic							100.5
		Aptian																					113
		Barremian																					121.4
		Hauterivian														Neocomian							125.77
		Valanginian																					132.6
		Berriasian																					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																					145
		Kimmeridgian																					149.2
		Oxfordian																					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																					161.5
		Bathonian																					165.3
		Bajocian												Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites									168.2
		Bajocian													Humphresianum								168.4
		Aalenian												Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense								174.7
														Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons									180.1
														Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum									182
		Pliensbachian												Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni									184.2
		Sinemurian												Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi									192.9
		Hettangian												Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																					201.4
		Norian																					208.5
		Carnian																					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian															Meishanian						251.902
		Changhsingian															Baoqingian						253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †				Zechstein									Laoshanian						254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †				Zechstein									Laibinian						257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Capitanian		Rotliegendes									Lengwuan						259.51
		Wordian				Wordian											Kuhfengian						264.28
		Roadian				Roadian											Kuhfengian						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Leonardian	Cathedralian										Luodianian						273.01
		Kungurian					Hessian																281.9 *
		Artinskian						Autunian															283.5
																	Longlinian						285.4 *
						Wolfcampian	Lenoxian																286.1 *
		Sakmarian					Lenoxian																290.1
		Asselian					Nealian										Zisongian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9									Zisongian
		Gzhelian							300.1
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli								Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	Lockportian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Ontarian							433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
										Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Medinan						Clinton		440.1 *
											440.7 *
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian							Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Cincinnatian	Gamachian					443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian										Gamachian					445.2
			Chientangkiangian										Richmondian			446 *
			Neichianshanian/Hanjiang										Richmondian			449.5
													Maysvillian			Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian		449.8 *
													Edenian					450.4 *
												Mohawkian	Chatfieldian					451.1 *
		Sandbian											Chatfieldian					453
													Turinian					453.7 *
												Whiterockian				Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian							Guniu †/Hulo									458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian							Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo				466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian												467.3
		Dapingian	Dapingian										Rangerian		469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian									Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †			Cassinian †	470
		Floian	Yiyangian										Tulean						473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian											477.7
											Lianghekou †			477.9 *
													Stairsian	480.3 *
													Skullrockian	Demingian †				482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10											Skullrockian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan					485.4
		Stage 10										Sunwaptan								487.5
		Jiangshanian										Sunwaptan								489.5
		Jiangshanian										Steptoean								493 *
		Paibian										Steptoean								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										Series 3 †		Marjumian						Albertian †	497
		Guzhangian																			Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †										Topazan								504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †										Delamaran								506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4												Delamaran						Waucoban †	Branchian	509
		Stage 4												Dyeran								511 *
		Stage 3												Dyeran								514
														Montezuman								514.8 *
														Montezuman							Placentian	517.1
														Begadean								519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																				521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian			529
																							538.8