PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of North America		Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Cenozoic Subepochs	Silurian of North America			Ordovician of the Baltic
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Late Pleistocene					0.0117
		Chibanian								Middle Pleistocene					0.129
		Calabrian								Early Pleistocene					0.774
		Gelasian								Early Pleistocene					1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Late Pliocene					2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean								Early Pliocene					3.6
	Miocene	Messinian								Late Miocene					5.333
		Tortonian								Late Miocene					7.246
		Serravallian								Middle Miocene					11.63
		Langhian								Middle Miocene					13.82
		Burdigalian								Early Miocene					15.98
		Aquitanian								Early Miocene					20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Late Oligocene					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian								Early Oligocene					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian								Late Eocene					33.9
		Bartonian								Middle Eocene					37.71
		Lutetian								Middle Eocene					41.2
		Ypresian								Early Eocene					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Late Paleocene					56
		Selandian								Middle Paleocene					59.2
		Danian								Early Paleocene					61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													66
		Campanian													72.1
		Santonian													83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													100.5
		Aptian													113
		Barremian													121.4
		Hauterivian													125.77
		Valanginian													132.6
		Berriasian													139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													145
		Kimmeridgian													149.2
		Oxfordian													154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian													165.3
		Bajocian						Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites							168.2
		Bajocian							Humphresianum						168.4
		Aalenian						Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense						174.7
								Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons							180.1
								Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum							182
		Pliensbachian						Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni							184.2
		Sinemurian						Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi							192.9
		Hettangian						Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
		Norian													208.5
		Carnian													227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian													237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian													242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian													247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan													251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian													251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †											254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Capitanian									259.51
		Wordian				Wordian									264.28
		Roadian				Roadian									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Leonardian	Cathedralian								273.01
		Kungurian					Hessian								281.9 *
		Artinskian					Hessian								283.5
		Artinskian				Wolfcampian	Lenoxian								286.1 *
		Sakmarian					Lenoxian								290.1
		Asselian			Nealian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Cayugan				419.2
	Pridoli						Niagaran				422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Ontarian							433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
										Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Medinan				Clinton				440.1 *
											440.7 *
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian										Pirgu	445.2
												Vormsi	449.6 *
												Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
											Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
												Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian										Keila	Idavere †	453
												Haljala		453.9
												Kukruse		456.4 *
												Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										Uhaku		458.4
												Lasnamagi		458.9 *
												Aseri		460.4 *
											Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
												Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
									Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian							Volkhov					467.3
		Dapingian							Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian												470
												Latorp †		470.1 *
								Hunneberg	473.7 *
		Tremadocian						Hunneberg	477.7
								Varangu	481.3 *
								Pakerort	482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Pakerort				485.4
												486.3 *
												486.5
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †								497
		Drumian										500.5
		Wuliuan										Stage 5 †		504.5
															509