PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of China	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Devonian of France	Permian Subages of Germany	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Wanganui	Haweran							0
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian											Lujanian		0.129
													Ensenadan		0.3 *
								Castlecliffian							0.34
		Calabrian						Castlecliffian							0.774
								Nukumaruan							1.63
													Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian													1.8
		Gelasian						Mangapanian							2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										Vorohuean		2.58
													Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
								Waipipian							3
		Zanclean						Waipipian							3.6
								Opoitian					Montehermosan		3.7 *
								Opoitian					Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian					Taranaki	Kapitean							5.333
		Messinian						Tongaporutuan							7.2
		Tortonian													7.246
													Chasicoan		7.9 *
													Mayoan		9.9 *
													Laventan		10.9 *
							Southland	Waiauan							11.04
		Serravallian						Waiauan							11.63
								Lillburnian							13.05
													Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian													13.82
								Clifdenian							15.1
								Clifdenian					Friasian		15.4 *
							Pareora	Altonian							15.9
		Burdigalian													15.98
													Santacrucian		16.2 *
													Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
								Otaian							18.7
		Aquitanian													20.44
													Deseadan		20.9 *
							Landon	Waitakian							21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Waitakian			Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian			23.03
								Duntroonian							25.2
								Whaingaroan							27.3
		Rupelian									Kekeamuan				27.82
		Rupelian									Kekeamuan		Tinguirirican		28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian									Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian				33.9
							Arnold	Runangan							34.6
								Runangan					Divisaderan		35.9 *
								Kaiatan							36.7
		Bartonian						Kaiatan			Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan				37.71
		Bartonian						Bortonian							39.1
		Lutetian													41.2
													Mustersan		41.9 *
							Dannevirke	Porangan							42.6
								Heretaungan							45.7
		Ypresian										Bumbanian			47.8
													Casamayoran		47.9 *
								Mangaorapan							48.9
								Waipawan							52
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Teurian			Gashatan		Riochican		56
													Itaboraian		56.9 *
													Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
		Danian											Tiupampan		62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian			Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian			Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian					89.8
					Mangaotanean		90.5
					Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian			Arowhanan		93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
					Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan		100.5
					Urutawan		103.3
				Taitai	Korangan		108.4
		Aptian			Korangan		113
		Aptian					117.5
		Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
		Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Meishanian	Buntsandstein	251.902
		Changhsingian					Baoqingian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †		Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †		Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Lengwuan	Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian						Kuhfengian	Leine	264.28
		Roadian						Kuhfengian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Luodianian		273.01
		Artinskian						Luodianian		283.5
		Artinskian						Longlinian		285.4 *
		Sakmarian						Longlinian		290.1
		Asselian						Zisongian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Zisongian		298.9
		Gzhelian								300.1
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								Couvinien	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									393.3
		Pragian									407.6
		Pragian	Coblencien			408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian				445.2
		Sandbian				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †				485.4
		Jiangshanian			Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian			Paibian					494
		Paibian		Waergangian †/Youshuanian	Paibian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †				497
		Guzhangian			Guzhangian					Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian			Drumian						500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	Wuliuan/Taijangian					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Branchian				Duyunian	509
		Stage 3				Branchian				Nangaoian	514
		Stage 3				Placentian				Nangaoian	517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Meishucunian	521
		Fortunian								Meishucunian	529
		Fortunian								Jinnigian	530.7
															538.8