PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of China	Cambrian of China		South American Land Mammal Ages		Permian of Western Europe	Cambrian of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							Lujanian				0.0117
		Chibanian							Lujanian				0.129
		Chibanian							Ensenadan				0.3 *
		Calabrian							Ensenadan				0.774
		Calabrian							Sanandresian	Uquian †			1.7 *
		Gelasian							Sanandresian				1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †						Vorohuean				2.58
		Piacenzian							Chapadmalalan				2.9 *
		Zanclean							Chapadmalalan				3.6
									Montehermosan				3.7 *
									Huayquerian				4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
									Chasicoan				7.9 *
									Mayoan				9.9 *
									Laventan				10.9 *
		Serravallian							Laventan				11.63
		Serravallian							Colloncuran				13.7 *
		Langhian							Colloncuran				13.82
		Langhian							Friasian				15.4 *
		Burdigalian							Friasian				15.98
									Santacrucian				16.2 *
									Colhuehuapian				17.4 *
		Aquitanian							Colhuehuapian				20.44
		Aquitanian							Deseadan				20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
		Rupelian											27.82
		Rupelian							Tinguirirican				28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian							Tinguirirican				33.9
		Priabonian							Divisaderan				35.9 *
		Bartonian											37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Lutetian							Mustersan				41.9 *
		Ypresian							Mustersan				47.8
		Ypresian							Casamayoran				47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Riochican				56
									Itaboraian				56.9 *
									Peligran				58.9 *
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
		Danian							Tiupampan				62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
		Kimmeridgian											149.2
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian											168.2
		Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Pliensbachian											184.2
		Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian		Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Laoshanian	Zechstein	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Laibinian	Zechstein	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Lengwuan	Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian			Kuhfengian		264.28
		Roadian			Kuhfengian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Luodianian		273.01
		Artinskian			Luodianian	Autunian	283.5
		Artinskian			Longlinian		285.4 *
		Sakmarian			Longlinian		290.1
		Asselian			Zisongian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Zisongian		298.9
		Gzhelian					300.1
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Late Famennian	358.9
							Middle Famennian	365.3 *
							Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian					Late Frasnian	372.2
							Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
							Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Late Givetian	382.7
							Middle Givetian	383.7 *
							Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian					Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian					Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian					Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian					Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian				410.8
			Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					443.8
		Katian					445.2
		Sandbian					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10					Niuchehean			Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian					Jiangshanian			Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian					Jiangshanian			Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian					Paibian				494
		Paibian					Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian			494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian						Drumian	Wangcunian †	Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †				Wuliuan/Taijangian		Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †				Wuliuan/Taijangian		Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Duyunian		Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4						Duyunian		Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3						Nangaoian		Dyeran		514
										Montezuman		514.8 *
										Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Meishucunian				521
		Fortunian						Meishucunian				529
		Fortunian						Jinnigian				530.7
													538.8