PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of China	Ordovician of North America						Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian of Britain		European Faunal Units	European Faunal Zones
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Gelasian															MN 17	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													Villanyian	MN 16	2.58
																Ruscinian	MN 16	3.1 *
																	MN 15	3.2
		Zanclean															MN 15	3.6
																	MN 14	4.2
																	MN 13	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian														Turolian	MN 13	5.333
		Tortonian															MN 12	7.246
																	MN 11	7.75
																Vallesian	MN 10	8.7
																	MN 9	9.7
																	MN 7 + 8	11.1
		Serravallian														Astaracian	MN 7 + 8	11.63
		Serravallian															MN 6	12.8 *
		Langhian															MN 5	13.82
		Burdigalian														Orleanian	MN 4	15.98
																Orleanian	MN 3	16.9
																Agenian	MN 2	20
		Aquitanian															MN 2	20.44
		Aquitanian															MN 1	22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																33.9
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian																41.2
		Ypresian																47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																56
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																145
		Kimmeridgian																149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian																168.2
		Aalenian																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																174.7
		Pliensbachian																184.2
		Sinemurian																192.9
		Hettangian																199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian																208.5
		Carnian																227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Meishanian												251.902
		Changhsingian				Baoqingian												253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Laoshanian												254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Laibinian												257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian			Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian			Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Luodianian	273.01
		Artinskian			Luodianian	283.5
		Artinskian			Longlinian	285.4 *
		Sakmarian			Longlinian	290.1
		Asselian			Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Zisongian	Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian					300.1
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian				Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian				Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean				Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian				Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian				Gamachian	443.8
		Katian					Gamachian	445.2
							Richmondian	446 *
							Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
							Edenian		450.4 *
			Mohawkian				Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian					Chatfieldian		453
							Turinian		453.7 *
			Whiterockian					Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								458.4
		Dapingian								467.3
		Dapingian					Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian				Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian					Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian					Tulean				477.7
							Stairsian				480.3 *
							Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Skullrockian				Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Late Cambrian	485.4
												Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		487.5
												Festiniogian		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian										Festiniogian		489.5
		Jiangshanian										Maentwrogian		493.1 *
		Paibian										Maentwrogian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	St Davids		Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian													500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †											504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Caerfai		Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3													514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2													521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian													529
																		538.8