PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of China	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Silurian of North America			South American Land Mammal Ages		Ordovician of the Baltic
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												Lujanian			0.0117
		Chibanian												Lujanian			0.129
		Chibanian												Ensenadan			0.3 *
		Calabrian												Ensenadan			0.774
		Calabrian												Sanandresian	Uquian †		1.7 *
		Gelasian												Sanandresian			1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											Vorohuean			2.58
		Piacenzian												Chapadmalalan			2.9 *
		Zanclean												Chapadmalalan			3.6
														Montehermosan			3.7 *
														Huayquerian			4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian															5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
														Chasicoan			7.9 *
														Mayoan			9.9 *
														Laventan			10.9 *
		Serravallian												Laventan			11.63
		Serravallian												Colloncuran			13.7 *
		Langhian												Colloncuran			13.82
		Langhian												Friasian			15.4 *
		Burdigalian												Friasian			15.98
														Santacrucian			16.2 *
														Colhuehuapian			17.4 *
		Aquitanian												Colhuehuapian			20.44
		Aquitanian												Deseadan			20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															23.03
		Rupelian															27.82
		Rupelian												Tinguirirican			28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian												Tinguirirican			33.9
		Priabonian												Divisaderan			35.9 *
		Bartonian															37.71
		Lutetian															41.2
		Lutetian												Mustersan			41.9 *
		Ypresian												Mustersan			47.8
		Ypresian												Casamayoran			47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Riochican			56
														Itaboraian			56.9 *
														Peligran			58.9 *
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
		Danian												Tiupampan			62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															66
		Campanian															72.1
		Santonian															83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian															93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															100.5
		Aptian															113
		Barremian															121.4
		Hauterivian															125.77
		Valanginian															132.6
		Berriasian															139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian															145
		Kimmeridgian															149.2
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Bathonian															165.3
		Bajocian															168.2
		Aalenian															170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian															174.7
		Pliensbachian															184.2
		Sinemurian															192.9
		Hettangian															199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian		Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian			Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian			Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Luodianian	273.01
		Artinskian			Luodianian	283.5
		Artinskian			Longlinian	285.4 *
		Sakmarian			Longlinian	290.1
		Asselian			Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Zisongian	298.9
		Gzhelian				300.1
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean				330.9
		Tournaisian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli					Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
			Alexandrian					438.7 *
						Medinan	Clinton	440.1 *
								440.7 *
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian						Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian							Bohdalec †	Pirgu	445.2
			Kralodvorian								Vormsi	449.6 *
			Berounian								Vormsi	449.7 *
											Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
									Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
											Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian									Keila	Idavere †	453
											Haljala		453.9
											Haljala		Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
											Kukruse				456.4 *
											Uhaku	Aluoja †			457.5 *
										Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian													458.4
			Dobrotivian												458.5 *
			Dobrotivian								Lasnamagi				458.9 *
			Oretanian								Lasnamagi				459.7 *
											Aseri				460.4 *
										Sarka †	Aseri				461.7 *
									Oeland		Kunda				462.9 *
											Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
											Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian								Klabava †						467.3
			Arenigian													468
											Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian														470
												Latorp †				470.1 *
											Hunneberg					473.7 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadocian								Hunneberg					477.7
				Varangu							481.3 *
				Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Pakerort								485.4
												486.3 *
												486.5
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										Series 3 †				497
		Drumian														500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †											504.5
																	509