PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of China	Silurian of North America			Cambrian of Australia	Mesozoic Subages
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian											11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
		Bartonian											37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Ypresian											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		66
		Campanian									Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		72.1
		Santonian									Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		83.6
		Coniacian									Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian		86.3
		Turonian									Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian		89.8
		Cenomanian									Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									Late Albian		100.5
											Middle Albian		106.2 *
											Early Albian		109.9 *
		Aptian									Late Aptian		113
		Aptian									Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian									Late Barremian/Early Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian									Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian									Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian									Late Berriasian		139.8
											Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
											Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	145
		Tithonian									Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian									Late Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Kimmeridgian									Early Kimmeridgian		152.2 *
		Oxfordian									Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	154.8
		Oxfordian										Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian									Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian									Late Bajocian		168.2
		Bajocian									Early Bajocian		168.6 *
		Aalenian									Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									Late Toarcian		174.7
											Middle Toarcian		180.4 *
											Early Toarcian		182.9 *
		Pliensbachian									Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian									Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian									Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
		Norian									Sevatian		208.5
											Alaunian		213.2 *
											Lacian		216.7 *
		Carnian									Tuvalian		227
		Carnian									Julian		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									Longobardian		237
		Ladinian									Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian									Illyrian		242
											Pelsonian		243.8 *
											Bithynian		244.7 *
											Aegean		245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									Spathian		247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian		251.902
		Changhsingian		Baoqingian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian				Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian				Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Luodianian	273.01
		Artinskian				Luodianian	283.5
		Artinskian				Longlinian	285.4 *
		Sakmarian				Longlinian	290.1
		Asselian				Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Zisongian	298.9
		Gzhelian					300.1
		Kasimovian	303.7
		Moscovian	307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Cayugan				419.2
	Pridoli		Niagaran				422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
								Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Medinan				Clinton		440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							443.8
		Katian							445.2
		Sandbian							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian							470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian							Ungurian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Datsonian	Batyrbaian	485.4
		Stage 10							Payntonian		486.8 *
		Jiangshanian							Iverian		489.5
										Aksaian	490.7 *
										Sakian	492.2 *
		Paibian							Idamean	Sakian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †	Mindyallan	Ayusokkanian	497
										Boomerangian	Ayusokkanian	499
										Boomerangian		499.5
		Drumian								Undillan	Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian								Floran	Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †						Templetonian	Tuesaian	504.5
										Templetonian		505.3
										Ordian		507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4										509
											Toyonian	510 *
											Toyonian	510.8 *
											Botomian	512.5 *
		Stage 3			514						Botomian
		Stage 3			Atdabanian						515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian						521
													525.5