PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	European Faunal Units	Cenozoic Subepochs	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic			Devonian Subages	Silurian of the Baltic	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian							Middle Pleistocene										0.129
		Calabrian							Early Pleistocene										0.774
		Gelasian							Early Pleistocene										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Villanyian	Late Pliocene										2.58
		Piacenzian						Ruscinian	Late Pliocene										3.1 *
		Zanclean						Ruscinian	Early Pliocene										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian						Turolian	Late Miocene										5.333
		Tortonian						Turolian											7.246
		Tortonian						Vallesian											8.7
		Serravallian						Astaracian	Middle Miocene										11.63
		Langhian						Astaracian	Middle Miocene										13.82
		Burdigalian						Orleanian	Early Miocene										15.98
		Burdigalian						Agenian											20
		Aquitanian						Agenian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Late Oligocene										23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian							Early Oligocene										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian							Late Eocene										33.9
		Bartonian							Middle Eocene										37.71
		Lutetian							Middle Eocene										41.2
		Ypresian							Early Eocene										47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Late Paleocene										56
		Selandian							Middle Paleocene										59.2
		Danian							Early Paleocene										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	66
		Campanian																	72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																	145
		Kimmeridgian																	149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian																	168.2
		Aalenian																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	174.7
		Pliensbachian																	184.2
		Sinemurian																	192.9
		Hettangian																	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																	201.4
		Norian																	208.5
		Carnian																	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Vokhmian												247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					Vokhmian												251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Meishanian													251.902
		Changhsingian				Baoqingian													253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Laoshanian	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian												254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Laibinian	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian												257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Lengwuan	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian												259.51
		Wordian				Kuhfengian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian												264.28
		Roadian				Kuhfengian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian												266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Luodianian													273.01
		Artinskian				Luodianian													283.5
		Artinskian				Longlinian													285.4 *
		Sakmarian			290.1	Longlinian
		Asselian			Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Zisongian	298.9
		Gzhelian				300.1
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean				330.9
		Tournaisian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Late Famennian				358.9
						Middle Famennian				365.3 *
						Early Famennian				368.5 *
		Frasnian				Late Frasnian				372.2
						Middle Frasnian				375.4 *
						Early Frasnian		379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Late Givetian		382.7
						Middle Givetian		383.7 *
						Early Givetian		385.9 *
		Eifelian				Late Eifelian		387.7
		Eifelian				Early Eifelian		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Late Emsian		393.3
		Emsian				Early Emsian		398.3 *
		Pragian				Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian			410.8
			Middle Lochkovian			412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian			415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli					Ohesaare		419.2
	Pridoli					Kaugetuma		421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				Kuressaare		423
		Ludfordian				Paadla		423.4 *
		Gorstian				Paadla		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Rootsikula		427.4
		Homerian				Jaagarahu		429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian				Jaagarahu		430.5
		Sheinwoodian				Jaani		431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian				Jaani		433.4
		Telychian				Adavere		434 *
		Aeronian				Adavere		438.5
		Aeronian				Raikkula		439.4 *
		Rhuddanian				Raikkula		440.8
		Rhuddanian				Juuru		441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Harju		Porkuni		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu			Gamachian	445.2
								Pirgu			Richmondian	446 *
								Vormsi			Richmondian	449.6 *
								Vormsi			Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
								Nabala			Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
								Nabala			Edenian			450.4 *
						Viru		Rakvere			Edenian			450.6 *
								Rakvere		Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
								Oandu						452 *
		Sandbian						Keila					Idavere †	453
								Keila			Turinian			453.7 *
								Haljala						453.9
								Kukruse						456.4 *
								Kukruse		Whiterockian		Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
								Uhaku					Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4				Uhaku
				Lasnamagi				458.9 *
				Aseri				460.4 *
				Oeland		Kunda	462.9 *
						Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
						Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka					467.1 *
		Dapingian											467.3
											Rangerian		469.1 *
						Billingen					Rangerian		469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian					Blackhillsian	Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
							Latorp †							470.1 *
						Hunneberg								473.7 *
										Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian								Tulean				477.7
										Stairsian				480.3 *
						Varangu				Stairsian				481.3 *
						Varangu				Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
						Pakerort								482.2 *
														Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Batyrbaian				Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian				485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
																487.5
		Jiangshanian														489.5
							Aksaian									490.7 *
							Sakian									492.2 *
		Paibian														494
		Paibian										Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian				494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †				Ayusokkanian						497
		Guzhangian									Mayan/Menevian						499.5
		Drumian									Mayan/Menevian						500.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †						Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4															Amgan/Solvan	509
			Toyonian									Lenian †					510 *
			Botomian														512.5 *
		Stage 3	Botomian														514
		Stage 3	Atdabanian														515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian														521
		Stage 2	Nemakit-Daldynian														525.5
		Fortunian	Nemakit-Daldynian									Manykaian †					529
																			538.8