PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Salt Range	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Permian of China	Cambrian of Siberia			Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Cenozoic Subepochs	Silurian of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene													Late Pleistocene			0.0117
		Chibanian													Middle Pleistocene			0.129
		Calabrian													Early Pleistocene			0.774
		Gelasian													Early Pleistocene			1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †												Late Pliocene			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean													Early Pliocene			3.6
	Miocene	Messinian													Late Miocene			5.333
		Tortonian													Late Miocene			7.246
		Serravallian													Middle Miocene			11.63
		Langhian													Middle Miocene			13.82
		Burdigalian													Early Miocene			15.98
		Aquitanian													Early Miocene			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													Late Oligocene			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian													Early Oligocene			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian													Late Eocene			33.9
		Bartonian													Middle Eocene			37.71
		Lutetian													Middle Eocene			41.2
		Ypresian													Early Eocene			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian													Late Paleocene			56
		Selandian													Middle Paleocene			59.2
		Danian													Early Paleocene			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																145
		Kimmeridgian																149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian					Epizigzagiceras											168.2
		Bajocian					Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense											168.4
		Aalenian					Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta											174.7
							Planulata											179.3 *
							Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi									179.8 *
							Kanense											181.3 *
							Carlottense											182.3 *
							Kunae											183.5 *
		Pliensbachian					Kunae											184.2
							Freboldi											185.1 *
							Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras										186.2 *
								Tetraspidoceras										189.2 *
							Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis										190.3 *
		Sinemurian																192.9
							Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras									196.4 *
							Franziceras/Euphyllites											196.5 *
		Hettangian					Franziceras/Euphyllites											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian																208.5
		Carnian																227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																247.2
		Induan																251.2
		Induan				Kathwai												251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian	251.902	Kathwai
						252.4 *
					Chhidru	252.9 *
				Baoqingian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Laoshanian				254.14
					Kalabagh					255 *
					Wargal					256 *
						Laibinian				257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Lengwuan				259.51
		Wordian				Kuhfengian				264.28
										265.3 *
					Amb					266.1 *
		Roadian			Amb					266.9
		Roadian								270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Luodianian				273.01
		Artinskian				Luodianian				283.5
		Artinskian				Longlinian				285.4 *
		Sakmarian				Longlinian				290.1
		Asselian				Zisongian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Zisongian				298.9
		Gzhelian								300.1
		Kasimovian	303.7
		Moscovian	307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Srbsko							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Chotec							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Daleje/Zlichovian							393.3
		Pragian	Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian	Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli									Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
												Alexandrian	438.7 *
										Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
													440.7 *
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian											Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian												Pirgu	445.2
														Vormsi	449.6 *
														Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
													Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
														Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian												Keila	Idavere †	453
														Haljala		453.9
								Kukruse						456.4 *
								Uhaku						Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4	Uhaku
							Lasnamagi	458.9 *
							Aseri	460.4 *
							Oeland	Kunda	462.9 *
								Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum				464.3 *
								Volkhov					Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian						Volkhov						467.3
		Dapingian						Billingen						469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian												470
									Latorp †					470.1 *
								Hunneberg						473.7 *
		Tremadocian						Hunneberg						477.7
								Varangu						481.3 *
								Pakerort						482.2 *
														Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Batyrbaian					Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian		485.4
								486.3 *
								486.5
		Jiangshanian						489.5
								Aksaian	490.7 *
								Sakian	492.2 *
		Paibian			494
		Paibian			Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian				494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †			Ayusokkanian							497
		Guzhangian						Mayan/Menevian							499.5
		Drumian						Mayan/Menevian							500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †							Amgan/Solvan		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4													Amgan/Solvan		509
						Toyonian			Lenian †						510 *
						Botomian									512.5 *
		Stage 3				Botomian									514
		Stage 3				Atdabanian									515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Tommotian									521
		Stage 2				Nemakit-Daldynian									525.5
		Fortunian				Nemakit-Daldynian			Manykaian †						529
																		538.8