PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of Western Europe	Cambrian of North America		Permian Subages of Germany	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cenozoic Subepochs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cambrian of China		Cambrian of Siberia			Cretaceous Subepochs	Ordovician of Britain
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene									0.129
		Calabrian										Early Pleistocene									0.774
		Gelasian										Early Pleistocene									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Late Pliocene									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										Early Pliocene									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										Late Miocene									5.333
		Tortonian										Late Miocene									7.246
		Serravallian										Middle Miocene									11.63
		Langhian										Middle Miocene									13.82
		Burdigalian										Early Miocene									15.98
		Aquitanian										Early Miocene									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Late Oligocene									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										Early Oligocene									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Eocene									33.9
		Bartonian										Middle Eocene									37.71
		Lutetian										Middle Eocene									41.2
		Ypresian										Early Eocene									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Late Paleocene									56
		Selandian										Middle Paleocene									59.2
		Danian										Early Paleocene									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	Senonian		66
		Campanian																			72.1
		Santonian																			83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	Gallic		100.5
		Aptian																			113
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																	Neocomian		125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian																			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian								Oteke	Puaroan										145
		Kimmeridgian								Oteke	Puaroan										149.2
										Kawhia	Ohauan										150
											Heterian										154.5
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Callovian									Temaikan										164.3
		Bathonian																			165.3
		Bajocian																			168.2
		Aalenian																			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																			174.7
		Toarcian								Herangi	Ururoan										176
		Pliensbachian									Ururoan										184.2
		Pliensbachian									Aratauran										188.9
		Sinemurian																			192.9
		Hettangian																			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian								Balfour	Otapirian										201.4
		Norian									Warepan										208.5
											Otamitan										217
											Oretian										221
		Carnian									Oretian										227
		Carnian								Gore	Kaihikuan										227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									Kaihikuan										237
		Ladinian									Etalian										238
		Anisian									Etalian										242
		Anisian									Malakovian										246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									Malakovian		Vokhmian								247.2
		Olenekian									Nelsonian										249
		Induan									Nelsonian										251.2
		Induan								DUrville	Makarewan										251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							Buntsandstein		Makarewan										251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian	Longtanian †	Zechstein	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan	Longtanian †	Zechstein	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Rotliegendes	Ohre/Aller	Aparima	Flettian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian				Leine		Flettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian				Leine		Barettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	266
		Roadian							Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Kungurian						Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian			Autunian			Mangapirian		283.5
								Telfordian		285
										288.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill							Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian								Rawtheyan	445.2
										Cautleyan	448.9 *
										Pusgillian	449.3 *
			Caradoc							Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
										Cheneyan		451.5 *
										Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian										453
											Actonian †	453.2 *
											Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
											Longvillian †		455.2 *
										Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
										Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn							Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian								Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian								Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig							Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Fennian			470
										Whitlandian			471.1 *
										Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc							Migneintian			477.7
										Cressagian			480.8 *
										Cressagian			Mansian †	483.55 *
													Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10											Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Stage 10												Niuchehean					Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian												Jiangshanian						489.5
																Aksaian				490.7 *
																Sakian				492.2 *
																			Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian												Paibian						494
				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian														494.7 *
				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian											Waergangian †/Youshuanian			494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †									Marjumian	Albertian †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian				Mayan/Menevian									Guzhangian		499.5
		Drumian				Mayan/Menevian			Drumian						500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †			Topazan				Wuliuan/Taijangian			Amgan/Solvan	504.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †			Delamaran				Wuliuan/Taijangian				506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Waucoban †	Duyunian			509
							Toyonian	Lenian †								510 *
							Toyonian		Dyeran							511 *
							Botomian									512.5 *
		Stage 3			Nangaoian									514
									Montezuman					514.8 *
							Atdabanian		Montezuman					515.6 *
							Atdabanian		Begadean					519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Meishucunian		Tommotian							521
		Stage 2					Nemakit-Daldynian							525.5
		Fortunian						Manykaian †						529
		Fortunian			Jinnigian			Manykaian †						530.7
																					538.8