PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of Western Europe	Ordovician of China			Cambrian of North America	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Cretaceous Subepochs	Permian of China	Ordovician of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											Senonian							66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											Gallic							100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian											Neocomian							125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian									Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites									168.2
		Bajocian										Humphresianum								168.4
		Aalenian									Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense								174.7
											Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons									180.1
											Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum									182
		Pliensbachian									Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni									184.2
		Sinemurian									Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi									192.9
		Hettangian									Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian																		208.5
		Carnian																		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian												Meishanian						251.902
		Changhsingian												Baoqingian						253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Zechstein								Laoshanian						254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Zechstein								Laibinian						257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Rotliegendes								Lengwuan						259.51
		Wordian												Kuhfengian						264.28
		Roadian												Kuhfengian						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian												Luodianian						273.01
		Artinskian				Autunian								Luodianian						283.5
		Artinskian												Longlinian						285.4 *
		Sakmarian												Longlinian						290.1
		Asselian												Zisongian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian												Zisongian						298.9
		Gzhelian																		300.1
		Kasimovian			303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Cayugan		419.2
	Pridoli				Niagaran		422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	Lockportian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Ontarian				433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
							Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Medinan		Clinton			440.1 *
								440.7 *
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian				Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Cincinnatian	Gamachian					443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian							Gamachian					445.2
			Chientangkiangian							Richmondian					446 *
			Neichianshanian/Hanjiang							Richmondian					449.5
										Maysvillian			Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian		449.8 *
										Edenian					450.4 *
									Mohawkian	Chatfieldian					451.1 *
		Sandbian								Chatfieldian					453
										Turinian					453.7 *
									Whiterockian				Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian				Guniu †/Hulo									458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian				Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo								466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian													467.3
		Dapingian	Dapingian							Rangerian		469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian						Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †			Cassinian †	470
		Floian	Yiyangian							Tulean						473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian													477.7
								Lianghekou †								477.9 *
										Stairsian	480.3 *
										Skullrockian	Demingian †				482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Skullrockian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan					485.4
		Stage 10							Sunwaptan								487.5
		Jiangshanian							Sunwaptan								489.5
		Jiangshanian							Steptoean								493 *
		Paibian							Steptoean								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †		Marjumian						Albertian †	497
		Guzhangian																Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian																	500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †							Topazan								504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †							Delamaran								506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Delamaran						Waucoban †	Branchian	509
		Stage 4									Dyeran								511 *
		Stage 3									Dyeran								514
											Montezuman								514.8 *
											Montezuman							Placentian	517.1
											Begadean								519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian				529
																				538.8