PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of Western Europe	Devonian of Germany	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Mesozoic Subages		Carboniferous Subepochs	Ordovician of the Baltic
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Wanganui	Haweran					0
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene													0.0117
		Chibanian													0.129
		Chibanian								Castlecliffian					0.34
		Calabrian								Castlecliffian					0.774
		Calabrian								Nukumaruan					1.63
		Gelasian								Nukumaruan					1.8
		Gelasian								Mangapanian					2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Mangapanian					2.58
		Piacenzian								Waipipian					3
		Zanclean								Waipipian					3.6
		Zanclean								Opoitian					3.7
	Miocene	Messinian							Taranaki	Kapitean					5.333
		Messinian								Tongaporutuan					7.2
		Tortonian								Tongaporutuan					7.246
		Tortonian							Southland	Waiauan					11.04
		Serravallian								Waiauan					11.63
		Serravallian								Lillburnian					13.05
		Langhian								Lillburnian					13.82
										Clifdenian					15.1
									Pareora	Altonian					15.9
		Burdigalian								Altonian					15.98
		Burdigalian								Otaian					18.7
		Aquitanian								Otaian					20.44
		Aquitanian							Landon	Waitakian					21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Waitakian					23.03
										Duntroonian					25.2
										Whaingaroan					27.3
		Rupelian													27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian													33.9
									Arnold	Runangan					34.6
										Kaiatan					36.7
		Bartonian								Kaiatan					37.71
		Bartonian								Bortonian					39.1
		Lutetian								Bortonian					41.2
									Dannevirke	Porangan					42.6
										Heretaungan					45.7
		Ypresian								Heretaungan					47.8
										Mangaorapan					48.9
										Waipawan					52
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Teurian					56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian							Mata	Haumurian	Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian				66
		Campanian								Haumurian	Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian				72.1
		Santonian								Piripauan	Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian				83.6
		Santonian							Raukumara	Teratan	Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian				86.1
		Coniacian									Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian				86.3
		Turonian									Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian				89.8
										Mangaotanean					90.5
										Arowhanan					93.7
		Cenomanian								Arowhanan	Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian				93.9
									Clarence	Ngaterian					95.2
										Motuan					99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								Motuan	Late Albian				100.5
										Urutawan	Late Albian				103.3
										Urutawan	Middle Albian				106.2 *
									Taitai	Korangan	Middle Albian				108.4
											Early Albian				109.9 *
		Aptian									Late Aptian				113
											Late Aptian				117.5
											Early Aptian				119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian	121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian	125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian	132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian	139.8
				Middle Berriasian	140.6 *
				Early Berriasian	142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	145
		Tithonian			Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian			Late Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Kimmeridgian			Early Kimmeridgian		152.2 *
		Oxfordian			Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	154.8
		Oxfordian				Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian			Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian			Late Bajocian		168.2
		Bajocian			Early Bajocian		168.6 *
		Aalenian			Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Late Toarcian		174.7
					Middle Toarcian		180.4 *
					Early Toarcian		182.9 *
		Pliensbachian			Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian			Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian			Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian			Sevatian		208.5
					Alaunian		213.2 *
					Lacian		216.7 *
		Carnian			Tuvalian		227
		Carnian			Julian		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Longobardian		237
		Ladinian			Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian			Illyrian		242
					Pelsonian		243.8 *
					Bithynian		244.7 *
					Aegean		245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Spathian		247.2
		Olenekian			Smithian		248.9 *
		Induan			Dienerian		251.2
		Induan			Griesbachian		251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	Zechstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian	Autunian					283.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Mapingian †	Late Pennsylvanian		298.9
		Kasimovian						Mapingian †			303.7
		Kasimovian									305.9
		Moscovian							Middle Pennsylvanian		307
		Bashkirian							Early Pennsylvanian		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Late Mississippian		323.2
		Visean							Middle Mississippian		330.9
		Tournaisian							Early Mississippian		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							Adorf			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							Emsian			393.3
		Pragian							Siegen			407.6
		Lochkovian							Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian								433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Harju						Porkuni		443.8
		Katian								Pirgu		445.2
										Vormsi		449.6 *
										Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
				Viru						Rakvere			450.6 *
						Oandu				452 *
		Sandbian				Keila				Idavere †		453
						Haljala						453.9
						Kukruse						456.4 *
						Uhaku				Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Uhaku						458.4
						Lasnamagi						458.9 *
						Aseri						460.4 *
				Oeland		Kunda						462.9 *
						Kunda				Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
						Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian				Volkhov							467.3
		Dapingian				Billingen							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian											470
										Latorp †			470.1 *
						Hunneberg							473.7 *
		Tremadocian				Hunneberg							477.7
						Varangu							481.3 *
						Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort							485.4
													486.3 *
													486.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †	497
		Drumian												500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †							504.5
															509