PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Silurian of the Baltic	North American Land Mammal Ages	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Saintaugustinean					0
		Meghalayan							Santarosean					0.0004
		Northgrippian												0.0042
		Greenlandian												0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												0.0117
		Late Pleistocene							Rancholabrean					0.014
		Chibanian							Rancholabrean					0.129
		Chibanian							Irvingtonian					0.21
		Calabrian							Irvingtonian					0.774
		Calabrian							Blancan					1.4
		Gelasian												1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											2.58
		Zanclean												3.6
		Zanclean							Hemphillian					4.7
	Miocene	Messinian												5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
		Tortonian							Clarendonian					9.4
		Serravallian							Clarendonian					11.63
		Serravallian							Barstovian					12.5
		Langhian												13.82
		Burdigalian												15.98
									Hemingfordian					16.3
									Arikareean					18.5
		Aquitanian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												23.03
		Rupelian												27.82
									Whitneyan					29.5
									Orellan					31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian							Chadronian					33.9
		Priabonian							Duchesnean					37
		Bartonian							Duchesnean					37.71
		Bartonian							Uintan					39.7
		Lutetian							Uintan					41.2
		Lutetian							Bridgerian					46.2
		Ypresian							Bridgerian					47.8
									Wasatchian					50.5
									Clarkforkian					54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Clarkforkian					56
		Thanetian							Tiffanian					56.2
		Selandian							Tiffanian					59.2
		Selandian							Torrejonian					60.9
		Danian							Torrejonian					61.6
		Danian							Puercan					63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												66
		Campanian												72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												145
		Kimmeridgian												149.2
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Pliensbachian												184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean				330.9
		Tournaisian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli					Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian				Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian				Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Rootsikula	Gleedonian	427.4
						Jaagarahu	Gleedonian	429.2 *
							Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian						430.5
		Sheinwoodian				Jaani		431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian				Jaani		433.4
		Telychian	Adavere			434 *
		Aeronian	Adavere			438.5
		Aeronian	Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula			440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Kosovian		443.8
		Katian				Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian				Berounian			449.7 *
		Sandbian							453
									Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
								Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
						Dobrotivian					458.5 *
						Oretanian					459.7 *
								Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian						Klabava †			467.3
		Dapingian				Arenigian					468
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Arenigian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				Ungurian		Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Batyrbaian						485.4
		Jiangshanian				Batyrbaian						489.5
						Aksaian						490.7 *
						Sakian						492.2 *
		Paibian				Sakian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †						Ayusokkanian	497
		Guzhangian											499.5
		Drumian										Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian										Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †								Tuesaian	504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †									505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4											509
												Toyonian	510 *
												Botomian	512.5 *
		Stage 3										Botomian	514
		Stage 3										Atdabanian	515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian							521
														525.5