PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Silurian of England		Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian of the Pamirs	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †												2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean													3.6
	Miocene	Messinian													5.333
		Tortonian													7.246
		Serravallian													11.63
		Langhian													13.82
		Burdigalian													15.98
		Aquitanian													20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian							Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian							Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian						33.9
		Bartonian							Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan						37.71
		Lutetian													41.2
		Ypresian								Bumbanian					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Gashatan						56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													66
		Campanian													72.1
		Santonian													83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													100.5
		Aptian													113
		Barremian													121.4
		Hauterivian													125.77
		Valanginian													132.6
		Berriasian													139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										Oteke	Puaroan		145
		Kimmeridgian										Oteke	Puaroan		149.2
												Kawhia	Ohauan		150
													Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian													154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
		Callovian											Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian													165.3
		Bajocian													168.2
		Aalenian													170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian													174.7
		Toarcian										Herangi	Ururoan		176
		Pliensbachian											Ururoan		184.2
		Pliensbachian											Aratauran		188.9
		Sinemurian													192.9
		Hettangian													199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										Balfour	Otapirian		201.4
		Norian											Warepan		208.5
													Otamitan		217
													Oretian		221
		Carnian											Oretian		227
		Carnian										Gore	Kaihikuan		227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian											Kaihikuan		237
		Ladinian											Etalian		238
		Anisian											Etalian		242
		Anisian											Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Vokhmian							Malakovian		247.2
		Olenekian											Nelsonian		249
		Induan											Nelsonian		251.2
		Induan										DUrville	Makarewan		251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian									Dorashamian		Makarewan		251.902
		Changhsingian									Dorashamian		Waiitian		253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian					Dzhulfian		Waiitian		254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian					Dzhulfian		Puruhauan		254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian					Midian	Aparima	Flettian		259.51
		Wordian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28							Flettian
						Barettian	266
							Murgabian	266.2 *
		Roadian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		Murgabian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kubergandian	273.01
						Mangapirian	Kubergandian	276
							Bolorian	279.8
		Artinskian						283.5
						Telfordian		285
						Telfordian	Yakhtashian	286
							Yakhtashian				288.5
		Sakmarian					Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian					Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian						358.9
			Middle Famennian						365.3 *
			Early Famennian						368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian						372.2
			Middle Frasnian						375.4 *
			Early Frasnian						379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian						382.7
			Middle Givetian						383.7 *
			Early Givetian						385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian						387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian						390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian						393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian						398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian						410.8
			Middle Lochkovian						412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian						415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle						Whitcliffe/Leintwardine		419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle						Bringewood/Elton		421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale						Wenlock (England)/Tickwood		423
		Gorstian									425.6
		Gorstian							Buildwas		426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian							Buildwas		427.4
		Homerian	Wych						Woolhope		428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
		Telychian									436.3 *
		Aeronian									438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park								439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									443.8
		Katian									445.2
		Sandbian									453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian									467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian									470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian									477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10										Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian										Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian										Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian										Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian		500.5								Marjumian
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †								Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †								Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4										Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3			514							Dyeran
					Montezuman							514.8 *
					Begadean							519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian										529
															538.8