PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Cambrian of Australia	Cambrian of Siberia			Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Mesozoic Subages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Nihewanian			0.0117
		Chibanian													0.129
		Calabrian													0.774
		Gelasian													1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Yushean			2.58
		Zanclean										Yushean			3.6
		Zanclean										Baodean			4.9
	Miocene	Messinian													5.333
		Tortonian													7.246
		Tortonian										Tunggurian			11.1
		Serravallian										Tunggurian			11.63
		Langhian										Shanwangian			13.82
		Burdigalian										Shanwangian			15.98
		Burdigalian										Xiejiaan			16.9
		Aquitanian										Xiejiaan			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian													27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian													33.9
		Bartonian													37.71
		Lutetian													41.2
		Ypresian													47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian													56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		66
		Campanian											Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		72.1
		Santonian											Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		83.6
		Coniacian											Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian		86.3
		Turonian											Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian		89.8
		Cenomanian											Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											Late Albian		100.5
													Middle Albian		106.2 *
													Early Albian		109.9 *
		Aptian											Late Aptian		113
		Aptian											Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian											Late Barremian/Early Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian											Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian											Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian											Late Berriasian		139.8
													Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
													Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	145
		Tithonian											Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian											Late Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Kimmeridgian											Early Kimmeridgian		152.2 *
		Oxfordian											Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	154.8
		Oxfordian												Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian											Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian											Late Bajocian		168.2
		Bajocian											Early Bajocian		168.6 *
		Aalenian											Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											Late Toarcian		174.7
													Middle Toarcian		180.4 *
													Early Toarcian		182.9 *
		Pliensbachian											Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian											Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian											Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
		Norian											Sevatian		208.5
													Alaunian		213.2 *
													Lacian		216.7 *
		Carnian											Tuvalian		227
		Carnian											Julian		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian	239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian	242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Vokhmian	Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian			Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan			Dienerian	251.2
		Induan			Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Melekhovian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian					Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian			Noginskian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.9 *
		Roadian					Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						273.01
		Kungurian			Pavlovoposadian			276.8 *
		Artinskian			Pavlovoposadian			283.5
		Artinskian			Rusavkinian			287.6 *
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian			Dorogomilovian			303.7
			Khamovnikian		304.8
			Krevyakinian		305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian		307
			Podolskian		308.9 *
			Kashirian		311.4 *
			Vereian		313.8
			Melekessian		314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian		315.2
			Cheremshanian		316.9 *
			Prikamian		318.6 *
			Severokeltmian		319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian		321.2 *
			Voznesenian		321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian		323.2
			Protvian		324.4 *
			Steshevian		326.8 *
			Tarusian		329 *
		Visean	Venevian		330.9
			Mikhailovian		331.9 *
			Aleksinian		333.7 *
			Tulian		335.8 *
			Bobrikian		339.9 *
			Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian		346.7
			Kizelian		350.7 *
			Cherepetian		351.9 *
			Karakubian		354.4 *
			Upinian		356.3 *
			Malevkian		357.6 *
			Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			443.8
		Katian			445.2
		Sandbian			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			470
		Tremadocian			477.7
		Tremadocian		Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Datsonian	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †		Ketyan †/Yurakian	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Stage 10		Payntonian					Niuchehean		486.8 *
		Jiangshanian		Iverian					Jiangshanian		489.5
					Aksaian		490.7 *
					Sakian		492.2 *
		Paibian		Idamean			Paibian		494
								Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
								Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Mindyallan	Ayusokkanian			Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
					Boomerangian	Ayusokkanian					499
					Boomerangian	Mayan/Menevian					499.5
		Drumian			Undillan				Drumian		500.5
		Drumian			Floran				Drumian		503
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	Templetonian			Amgan/Solvan	Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	Ordian				Wuliuan/Taijangian		507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4								Duyunian		509
							Toyonian		Lenian †			510 *
							Toyonian					510.8 *
							Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3					Botomian			Nangaoian		514
		Stage 3					Atdabanian			Nangaoian		515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Tommotian			Meishucunian		521
		Stage 2					Nemakit-Daldynian					525.5
		Fortunian							Manykaian †			529
		Fortunian							Manykaian †	Jinnigian		530.7
															538.8