PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Pamirs	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Mesozoic Subages		Silurian of England		Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ten Million Year Bins
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan														Cenozoic 6	0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															0.0117
		Chibanian															0.129
		Calabrian															0.774
		Gelasian															1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †														2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean															3.6
	Miocene	Messinian															5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
		Serravallian														Cenozoic 5	11.63
		Langhian															13.82
		Burdigalian															15.98
		Aquitanian															20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														Cenozoic 4	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian														Cenozoic 4	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														Cenozoic 3	33.9
		Bartonian														Cenozoic 3	37.71
		Lutetian														Cenozoic 2	41.2
		Ypresian														Cenozoic 2	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian														Cenozoic 1	56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian								Cretaceous 8	66
		Campanian						Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian								Cretaceous 7	72.1
		Santonian						Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian								Cretaceous 6	83.6
		Coniacian						Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian						Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian						Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian								Cretaceous 5	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Late Albian								Cretaceous 4	100.5
								Middle Albian									106.2 *
								Early Albian									109.9 *
		Aptian						Late Aptian								Cretaceous 3	113
		Aptian						Early Aptian								Cretaceous 3	119.5 *
		Barremian						Late Barremian/Early Barremian								Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian						Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian								Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian						Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian								Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian						Late Berriasian									139.8
								Middle Berriasian									140.6 *
								Early Berriasian									142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian							Jurassic 6	145
		Tithonian						Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian							Jurassic 6	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian						Late Kimmeridgian								Jurassic 5	149.2
		Kimmeridgian						Early Kimmeridgian									152.2 *
		Oxfordian						Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								154.8
		Oxfordian							Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian						Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian								Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian						Late Bajocian									168.2
		Bajocian						Early Bajocian									168.6 *
		Aalenian						Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian								Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Late Toarcian									174.7
								Middle Toarcian									180.4 *
								Early Toarcian									182.9 *
		Pliensbachian						Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian								Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian						Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian								Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian						Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian								Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian						Sevatian									208.5
								Alaunian									213.2 *
								Lacian									216.7 *
		Carnian						Tuvalian								Triassic 3	227
		Carnian						Julian								Triassic 3	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	Triassic 2	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian		242
				Pelsonian		243.8 *
				Bithynian		244.7 *
				Aegean		245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	Triassic 1	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian		248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian		251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian		251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian		Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Midian	259.51
		Wordian					Midian	264.28
		Wordian					Murgabian	266.2 *
		Roadian				Permian 3	Murgabian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Kubergandian	Permian 2	273.01
		Kungurian				Bolorian		279.8
		Artinskian				Bolorian		283.5
		Artinskian				Yakhtashian		286
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian		290.1
		Asselian				Asselian	Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Carboniferous 5	Mapingian †		298.9
		Kasimovian						Mapingian †		303.7
		Kasimovian						305.9
		Moscovian					Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian					Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean					Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian					Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian					Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian					Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine		Silurian 2	419.2
	Pridoli						Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton			421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood			423
		Gorstian									425.6
		Gorstian						Buildwas			426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian						Buildwas			427.4
		Homerian					Wych	Woolhope			428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian								Silurian 1	433.4
		Telychian									436.3 *
		Aeronian							438.5
		Aeronian					Cowleigh Park		439.3 *
		Rhuddanian					Cowleigh Park		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Kosovian	Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian							Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian							Berounian			449.7 *
		Sandbian								Ordovician 4		453
												Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
											Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Ordovician 3				458.4
									Dobrotivian					458.5 *
									Oretanian					459.7 *
											Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian								Klabava †	Ordovician 2			467.3
		Dapingian							Arenigian					468
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Arenigian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian							Ungurian	Tremadocian				Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Batyrbaian					Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian							Batyrbaian						489.5
									Aksaian						490.7 *
									Sakian						492.2 *
		Paibian							Sakian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †					Ayusokkanian	Cambrian 4	497
		Guzhangian														499.5
		Drumian												Zhanaarykian		500.5
		Drumian												Tuesaian		503
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †										Tuesaian	Cambrian 3	504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †										505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4												509
					Toyonian									510 *
					Botomian									512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian									Cambrian 2	514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian										515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian										521
		Stage 2													525.5
		Fortunian												Cambrian 1	529
																	538.8