PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Pamirs	Permian of Western Europe	Permian of the Russian Platform		Cambrian of West Avalonia	European Faunal Zones	North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Cambrian of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan													Wanganui	Haweran		0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Sheridanian						0.0117
		Chibanian										Sheridanian						0.129
												Cudahyan/Sappan						0.21
																Castlecliffian		0.34
		Calabrian																0.774
												Senecan/Rexroadian						1.4
																Nukumaruan		1.63
		Gelasian									MN 17					Nukumaruan		1.8
		Gelasian									MN 17					Mangapanian		2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								MN 16					Mangapanian		2.58
											MN 16					Waipipian		3
											MN 15							3.2
		Zanclean																3.6
																Opoitian		3.7
											MN 14							4.2
											MN 14	Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian						4.7
											MN 13							4.9
	Miocene	Messinian													Taranaki	Kapitean		5.333
		Messinian														Tongaporutuan		7.2
		Tortonian									MN 12							7.246
											MN 11							7.75
											MN 10							8.7
											MN 10	Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian						9.4
											MN 9							9.7
											MN 9				Southland	Waiauan		11.04
											MN 7 + 8							11.1
		Serravallian																11.63
												late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian						12.5
											MN 6							12.8 *
											MN 6					Lillburnian		13.05
		Langhian									MN 5					Lillburnian		13.82
																Clifdenian		15.1
															Pareora	Altonian		15.9
		Burdigalian									MN 4							15.98
											MN 4	Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian						16.3
											MN 3	Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian						16.9
												late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian					18.5
																Otaian		18.7
											MN 2							20
		Aquitanian																20.44
															Landon	Waitakian		21.7
											MN 1							22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
													Monroecreekian					23.1 *
													Geringian					24.7 *
																Duntroonian		25.2
																Whaingaroan		27.3
		Rupelian																27.82
		Rupelian																29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian						33.9
															Arnold	Runangan		34.6
																Kaiatan		36.7
																		37
		Bartonian																37.71
																Bortonian		39.1
												Late Uintan/Early Uintan						39.7
		Lutetian																41.2
															Dannevirke	Porangan		42.6
																Heretaungan		45.7
												Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian						46.2
		Ypresian																47.8
				Mangaorapan	48.9
				Mangaorapan	Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean	50.5
				Waipawan	Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean	52
				Waipawan		Cf3/Cf2/Cf1	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Teurian		Cf3/Cf2/Cf1	56
		Thanetian				Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1	56.2
		Selandian				Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1	59.2
		Selandian				To3/To2/To1	60.9
		Danian				To3/To2/To1	61.6
		Danian				Pu3/Pu2/Pu1	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian					Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
							Mangaotanean	90.5
							Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
							Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan	100.5
							Urutawan	103.3
						Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian					Korangan	113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						Dorashamian	251.902
		Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	Dzhulfian	Zechstein	254.14
		Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	Dzhulfian	Zechstein	Tatarian	Vyatkian		256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Midian	Rotliegendes		Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian							Midian			Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian							Murgabian			Urzhumian	266.2 *
		Roadian									Kazanian	Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian									Kazanian	Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Kubergandian		Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
									Kubergandian			Filipovian	276.5 *
									Bolorian			Filipovian	279.8
												Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian								Autunian	Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
												Irginian	285.9 *
									Yakhtashian			Irginian	286
									Yakhtashian			Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian							Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian							Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian							Asselian		Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
					Uskalykian							294.8
					Surenian							297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian										Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian										Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian										Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean	Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian	Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
		Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Harju			Porkuni					443.8
		Katian					Pirgu					445.2
							Vormsi					449.6 *
						Nabala	Johvi †					450 *
				Viru		Rakvere						450.6 *
						Oandu						452 *
		Sandbian				Keila	Idavere †					453
						Haljala						453.9
						Kukruse						456.4 *
						Uhaku	Aluoja †					457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Uhaku						458.4
						Lasnamagi						458.9 *
						Aseri						460.4 *
				Oeland		Kunda						462.9 *
						Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum					464.3 *
						Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian				Volkhov							467.3
		Dapingian				Billingen							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian											470
							Latorp †						470.1 *
						Hunneberg							473.7 *
		Tremadocian				Hunneberg							477.7
						Varangu							481.3 *
						Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †						485.4
														486.3 *
														486.5
		Jiangshanian					Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian					Paibian							494
		Paibian					Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian						494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †	Guzhangian						Wangcunian †	497
		Guzhangian						Guzhangian							Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian						Drumian								500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †						Wuliuan/Taijangian			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4												Branchian	Duyunian		509
		Stage 3												Branchian	Nangaoian		514
		Stage 3												Placentian	Nangaoian		517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2													Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian													Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian													Jinnigian		530.7
																		538.8