PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Pamirs	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Carboniferous of China	Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Mesozoic Subages		Silurian of the Baltic	Ordovician of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																			3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																			5.333
		Tortonian																			7.246
		Serravallian																			11.63
		Langhian																			13.82
		Burdigalian																			15.98
		Aquitanian																			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																			33.9
		Bartonian																			37.71
		Lutetian																			41.2
		Ypresian																			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																			56
		Selandian																			59.2
		Danian																			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian					66
		Campanian														Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian					72.1
		Santonian														Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian					83.6
		Coniacian														Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian														Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian					89.8
		Cenomanian														Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														Late Albian					100.5
																Middle Albian					106.2 *
																Early Albian					109.9 *
		Aptian														Late Aptian					113
		Aptian														Early Aptian					119.5 *
		Barremian														Late Barremian/Early Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian														Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian														Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian														Late Berriasian					139.8
																Middle Berriasian					140.6 *
																Early Berriasian					142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				145
		Tithonian														Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian														Late Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Kimmeridgian														Early Kimmeridgian					152.2 *
		Oxfordian														Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				154.8
		Oxfordian															Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian														Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					Epizigzagiceras									Late Bajocian					168.2
							Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense									Late Bajocian					168.4
							Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense									Early Bajocian					168.6 *
		Aalenian					Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni									Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta									Late Toarcian					174.7
							Planulata														179.3 *
									Arnioceras arnouldi												179.8 *
																Middle Toarcian					180.4 *
							Kanense														181.3 *
							Carlottense														182.3 *
							Carlottense									Early Toarcian					182.9 *
							Kunae									Early Toarcian					183.5 *
		Pliensbachian					Kunae									Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian					184.2
							Freboldi														185.1 *
							Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras													186.2 *
								Tetraspidoceras													189.2 *
							Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis													190.3 *
		Sinemurian														Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian					192.9
							Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras												196.4 *
							Franziceras/Euphyllites														196.5 *
		Hettangian					Franziceras/Euphyllites									Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																			201.4
		Norian		Sevatian	208.5
				Alaunian	213.2 *
				Lacian	216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian	227
		Carnian		Julian	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian	239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian	242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Dzhulfian				254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Midian		259.51
		Wordian		Midian		264.28
		Wordian		Murgabian		266.2 *
		Roadian		Murgabian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Kubergandian		273.01
		Kungurian		Bolorian		279.8
		Artinskian		Bolorian		283.5
		Artinskian		Yakhtashian		286
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian		290.1
		Asselian		Asselian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Gzhelian				Xiaodushanian				300 *
		Kasimovian				Xiaodushanian				303.7
		Kasimovian				Dalaun				305.8 *
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
						Huashibanian				318.5 *
						Lousuan				321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Dewunian				323.2
		Serpukhovian				Shangsian				330.8 *
		Visean				Shangsian				330.9
		Visean				Jiusian				335 *
		Tournaisian				Tangbagouan				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian								407.6
		Lochkovian								410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli									Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian								Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian								Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian								Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian								Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian								Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian								Jaani	433.4
		Telychian								Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian								Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian								Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian								Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian						Juuru		441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Kosovian			Cincinnatian	Gamachian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian					Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	Pirgu			Gamachian		445.2
									Pirgu			Richmondian		446 *
									Vormsi					449.6 *
							Berounian							449.7 *
												Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Nabala			Maysvillian			Johvi †	450 *
									Nabala			Edenian				450.4 *
									Viru			Edenian	Rakvere			450.6 *
											Mohawkian	Chatfieldian	Rakvere			451.1 *
													Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian											Keila		Idavere †	453
												Turinian	Keila			453.7 *
													Haljala			453.9
													Haljala			Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
													Kukruse					456.4 *
											Whiterockian		Kukruse	Canadian †				Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
					Uhaku								Aluoja †		457.5 *
								Liben †								458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
			Dobrotivian				458.5 *
			Dobrotivian		Lasnamagi		458.9 *
			Oretanian		Lasnamagi		459.7 *
					Aseri		460.4 *
					Aseri		Sarka †									461.7 *
					Oeland				Kunda							462.9 *
									Kunda				Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
									Volkhov							Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian					Klabava †										467.3
			Arenigian	468
				Rangerian								469.1 *
				Rangerian					Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian							Blackhillsian	Jeffersonian †					Cassinian †	470
													Latorp †					470.1 *
									Hunneberg									473.7 *
											Tulean							473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadocian								Tulean							477.7
											Stairsian							480.3 *
									Varangu		Stairsian							481.3 *
									Varangu		Skullrockian						Demingian †	482 *
									Pakerort								Demingian †	482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Late Cambrian						Pakerort										485.4
									486.3 *
									486.5
											487.5
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †								Middle Cambrian								497
		Drumian																	500.5
		Wuliuan																	Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																	Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3																		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																		529
																					538.8