PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Russian Platform		Cretaceous Subepochs	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Cambrian of China		Cambrian of Australia	Silurian of North America	Central Paratethys Stages	Mesozoic Subages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian															Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian															Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian															Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †														Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean															Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian															Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian												Pannonian			Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian												Sarmatian			Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian												Badenian				12.8 *
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian															Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian															Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian															Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian															Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian															Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian															Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian															Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian															Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian															Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Senonian							Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian													Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			72.1
		Santonian													Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian													Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian													Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian													Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Gallic							Late Albian			100.5
															Middle Albian			106.2 *
															Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian													Late Aptian			113
		Aptian													Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian													Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian						Neocomian							Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian													Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian													Late Berriasian			139.8
															Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
															Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian													Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian													Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian													Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian													Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian														Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian													Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian													Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian													Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian													Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian													Late Toarcian			174.7
															Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
															Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian													Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian													Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian													Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian													Sevatian			208.5
															Alaunian			213.2 *
															Lacian			216.7 *
		Carnian													Tuvalian			227
		Carnian													Julian			233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian													Longobardian			237
		Ladinian													Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian	242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Melekhovian		251.902
		Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	Tatarian		Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian							Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian		Noginskian					Urzhumian	264.9 *
		Roadian					Kazanian		Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian					Kazanian		Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kungurian		Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
									Filipovian	276.5 *
				Pavlovoposadian					Filipovian	276.8 *
									Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian					Artinskian		Sarginian	283.5
									Irginian	285.9 *
			Rusavkinian	287.6 *					Irginian
				Burtsevian					287.8 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian			Sterlitamakian		290.1
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian			Tastubian		291.7 *
		Asselian		Asselian			Shikhanian		293.52
							Uskalykian		294.8
							Surenian		297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian						303.7
			Khamovnikian						304.8
			Krevyakinian						305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian						307
			Podolskian						308.9 *
			Kashirian						311.4 *
			Vereian						313.8
			Melekessian						314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian						315.2
			Cheremshanian					316.9 *
			Prikamian					318.6 *
			Severokeltmian					319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian					321.2 *
			Voznesenian					321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian					323.2
			Protvian					324.4 *
			Steshevian					326.8 *
			Tarusian					329 *
		Visean	Venevian					330.9
			Mikhailovian					331.9 *
			Aleksinian					333.7 *
			Tulian					335.8 *
			Bobrikian					339.9 *
			Radaevkian					343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian					346.7
			Kizelian					350.7 *
			Cherepetian					351.9 *
			Karakubian					354.4 *
			Upinian					356.3 *
			Malevkian					357.6 *
			Gumerovian					358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli							Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			Lockportian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Ontarian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
						Alexandrian			438.7 *
					Medinan			Clinton	440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Bolindian	443.8
		Katian							Bolindian	445.2
									Eastonian	449 *
									Gisbornian	452 *
		Sandbian							Gisbornian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Darriwilian	458.4
		Dapingian							Yapeenian	467.3
		Dapingian							Castlemainian	468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Chewtonian	470
									Bendigonian	471.8 *
									Lancefieldian	473.5 *
		Tremadocian							Lancefieldian	477.7
		Tremadocian							Warendian	482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Niuchehean			Taoyuanian †		Datsonian		485.4
		Stage 10		Niuchehean					Payntonian		486.8 *
		Jiangshanian		Jiangshanian					Iverian		489.5
		Paibian		Paibian					Idamean		494
		Paibian		Paibian			Waergangian †/Youshuanian		Idamean		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †			Guzhangian		Wangcunian †		Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian					Guzhangian				Boomerangian	499
		Drumian					Drumian				Undillan	500.5
		Drumian					Drumian				Floran	503
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †		Wuliuan/Taijangian			Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †		Wuliuan/Taijangian			Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4							Duyunian			Ordian	509
		Stage 4							Duyunian				510.8 *
		Stage 3							Nangaoian				514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							Meishucunian				521
		Fortunian							Meishucunian				529
		Fortunian							Jinnigian				530.7
																		538.8